Nachhaltige Chemie

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Chemie Grundlagen, Aufbauwissen, Anwendungen und Experimente 10. Auflage

Chemie

Periode

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Elektronenkonfiguration

[Rn]

[Xe]

[Kr]

[Ar]

[Ne]

[He]

2

1

9,012

4 Be 2s2 +2 Ƒ

24,31

3 Li 2s1 +1 Ŷ

22,99

55,85

VIII 58,93

9

Ŷ

1 14 f …f

1 14 f …f

Actinoide

89

1

Hf

140,9

105 Db*

73 Ta

Ib 63,55

11

d9 II b 65,38

12

d10

p4

14,01

Va

16,00

VI a

p5

19,00

[He] =

VII a

17

p6

2 He 1s2 0 20,18

4,003

0

18

26,98

28,09

30,97

32,06

35,45

39,95

13 Al 14 Si 15 P 16 S 17 Cl 18 Ar 3s23p1 3s23p2 3s23p3 3s23p4 3s23p5 3s23p6 4 Ɣ -3, 3, 5 Ɣ -2, 2, 4, 6 Ɣ -1,1,3,5,7Ɣ +3 Ƒ 0 69,72 72,63 74,92 78,96 79,90 83,80

144,2

106 Sg*

74 W

(146,9)

107 Bh*

75 Re

150,4

108 Hs*

76 Os

152,0

109 Mt*

77 Ir

157,3

110 Ds*

78 Pt

158,9

111 Rg*

79 Au

162,5

164,9

112 Cn* 113 Uut*

80 Hg

46 Pd 47 Ag 48 Cd 49 In 50 Sn 51 Sb 52 Te 53 I 54 Xe 10 2 4d10 4d105s1 4d 5s 4d105s25p1 4d105s25p2 4d105s25p3 4d105s25p4 4d105s25p5 4d105s25p6 2, 4 Ŷ 1 Ŷ 2 M Ŷ 3 M Ƒ 2, 4 M Ƒ -3, 3, 5 ż -2, 4, 6 ż -1,1,3,5,7Ɣ 0,(2, 4, 6) 195,1 197,0 200,6 204,4 207,2 209,0 (210,0) (210,0) (222,0)

167,3

114 Fl*

168,9

173,1

115 Uup* 116 Lv*

175,0

117 Uus* 118 Uuo*

90 Th*

91 Pa* 92

U* 93

Np*

4

Ŷ

Am* 5f77s2

95

4, 5 Ŷ 3, 4, 5, 6 Ƒ 3, 4, 5, 6 Ƒ 3, 4, 5, 6 Ƒ 3, 4, 5, 6

5f67s2

94 Pu*

3, 4

5f76d17s2

96 Cm*

3, 4

5f97s2

97 Bk*

3

5f107s2

98 Cf*

3

5f117s2

99 Es*

3

5f127s2

2, 3

5f137s2

2, 3

5f147s2

100 Fm* 101 Md* 102 No*

3

5f146d17s2

103 Lr*

58 Ce 59 Pr 60 Nd 61 Pm* 62 Sm 63 Eu 64 Gd 65 Tb 66 Dy 67 Ho 68 Er 69 Tm 70 Yb 71 Lu 7 1 2 4f26s2 4f36s2 4f46s2 4f56s2 4f66s2 4f76s2 4f 5d 6s 4f96s2 4f106s2 4f116s2 4f126s2 4f136s2 4f146s2 4f145d16s2 3, 4 Ŷ 3, 4 Ŷ 3 Ŷ 3 Ŷ 2, 3 Ŷ 2, 3 Ŷ 3 Ŷ 3, 4 Ŷ 3 Ŷ 3 Ŷ 3 Ŷ 3 Ŷ 2, 3 Ŷ 3 Ŷ 232,0 231,0 238,0 (237,0) (244,1) (243,1) (247,1) (247,1) (251,1) (252,1) (257,2) (258,1) (259,1) (262,1)

140,1

104 Rf*

72

[Rn] 6d27s2 5f26d17s2 5f36d17s2 5f46d17s2

7

[Xe]

6

2

Ac

2

7s 6d 7s +2 Ŷ +3 Ŷ

2

88 Ra*

1

57 La

58,69

10

d8

12,01

IV a

p3

15 16 Hauptgruppen

5B 6C 7N 8O 9F 10 Ne 2s22p1 2s22p2 2s22p3 2s22p4 2s22p5 2s22p6 +3 Ɣ -4, 2, 4 Ɣ 2,+3,4,5 Ɣ -2 (-1) Ɣ -1 Ɣ 0

10,82

III a

p2

14

81 Tl 82 Pb 83 Bi 84 Po* 85 At* 86 Rn* 4f145d10 4f145d10 4f145d10 4f14 5d10 4f14 5d10 4f14 5d10 6s 5d 6s 4f145d26s2 4f145d36s2 4f145d46s2 4f145d56s2 4f145d66s2 4f145d76s2 4f145d96s1 4f145d106s1 4f145d106s2 6s26p1 6s26p2 6s26p3 6s2 6p4 6s2 6p5 6s26p6 +2 Ŷ +3 Ŷ 2, 4 Ŷ 1, 3 Ŷ 1, 2 M Ŷ 1, 3 M Ƒ 2, 4 M Ƒ 3, 5 M Ŷ +4 Ƒ +5 ż 2,3,4,5,6 ż 2, 4, 7 ż 2,3,4,6,8 ż 1,2,3,4,6 Ŷ 2, 4 ż -1,1,3,5,7Ɣ 0, (2) (226,0) 227,0 (261) (262) (266) (264) (277) (268) (281) (272) (285) (284) (289) (288) (293) (294) (294)

2

Lanthanoide

7s +1

1

87 Fr*

+1 Ŷ (233,0)

6s

1

56 Ba

VII b 54,94

8

d7

p1

13

24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 29 Cu 30 Zn 31 Ga 32 Ge 33 As 34 Se 35 Br 36 Kr 10 2 3d54s2 3d64s2 3d74s2 3d84s2 3d54s1 3d104s1 3d 4s 3d104s24p1 3d104s24p2 3d104s24p3 3d104s24p4 3d104s24p5 3d104s24p6 2, 3 Ŷ 1, 2 Ŷ 2 M Ƒ +3 M Ƒ 2, 3, 6 ż 2,3,4,6,7ż 2, 3, 6 Ƒ 2, 3 Ƒ 4 Ƒ -3, 3, 5 ż -2, 4, 6 Ɣ -1,1,3,