• PDF / 2,327,576 Bytes
• 13 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
• 84 Downloads / 234 Views

DOWNLOAD

REPORT

---

ORIGINAL PAPER

Nanocomposite polymer electrolytes comprising starch-lithium acetate and titania for all-solid-state supercapacitor A. C. W. Ong 1 & N. A. Shamsuri 2 & S. N. A. Zaine 3,4 & Dedikarni Panuh 5 & M. F. Shukur 2,4 Received: 12 October 2020 / Revised: 19 November 2020 / Accepted: 21 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract A nanocomposite solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) system has been prepared for application in a supercapacitor. Corn starch is used to host the ionic conduction with lithium acetate (LiOAc) salt as an ion provider. Different concentrations of nanosized titanium dioxide (TiO2) filler have been added to analyse the influence of nanofiller addition on the conductivity and other properties of the electrolytes. Structural characterisation and complex formation have been examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. It is shown that the room temperature conductivity changes with the change in TiO2 concentration. Adding 4 wt.% TiO2 to the starch-LiOAc complex leads to an optimum conductivity of (8.37 ± 1.04) × 10−4 S cm−1. The variation in conductivity is accompanied by the change in surface morphology as observed from field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) indicates that the electrochemical potential stability window of the electrolyte with 4 wt.% TiO2 lies in the range between − 2.0 and + 1.9 V. A supercapacitor has been assembled using the electrolyte, and its performance has been characterised using impedance technique and cyclic voltammetry. Keywords Starch . Polymer electrolyte . Lithium acetate . Titanium dioxide (TiO2) . Supercapacitor

Introduction The global demand for energy shows an increasing trend. Energy Information Administration’s International Energy Outlook 2019 [1] predicted that total energy consumption in the world will continue to rise in the future. In order to cope with this situation, focus must be on generation of energy as well as efficient energy storage device. Rechargeable batteries

* M. F. Shukur [email protected] 1

Faculty of Engineering Science, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 1, 3001 Leuven, Belgium

2

Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

3

Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

4

Centre of Innovative Nanostructures and Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

5

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru, Riau 28284, Indonesia

and supercapacitors are well-known as promising energy storage devices. These devices are commonly used in vehicles, household electrical appliances and display devices. The key component of any energy devices is electrolyte that acts as a medium for conducting ions between electrodes [2]. A solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) is