Nanocomposites based on thermoplastic elastomers with functional basis of nano titanium dioxide
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Nanocomposites Based on Thermoplastic Elastomers with Functional Basis of Nano Titanium Dioxide V. D. Yulovskayaa, G. M. Kuz’michevaa, V. V. Klechkovskayab, A. S. Orekhovb, Ya. V. Zubavichusc, E. N. Domoroshchinaa, and A. V. Shegaya a Federal
State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “Moscow Technological University”, pr. Vernadskogo 86, Moscow, 119571 Russia b Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 59, Moscow, 119333 Russia c National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, pl. Akademika Kurchatova 1, Moscow, 123182 Russia e-mail: [email protected] Received July 1, 2015
Abstract—Nanocomposites based on a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) (low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and 1,2-polybutadiene in a ratio of 60/40) with functional titanium dioxide nanoparticles of different nature, TiO2/TPE, have been prepared and investigated by a complex of methods (X-ray diffraction analysis using X-ray and synchrotron radiation beams, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy). The morphology of the composites is found to be somewhat different, depending on the TiO2 characteristics. It is revealed that nanocomposites with cellular or porous structures containing nano-TiO2 aggregates with a large specific surface and large sizes of crystallites and nanoparticles exhibit the best deformation‒strength and fatigue properties and stability to the effect of active media under conditions of ozone and vapor‒air aging. DOI: 10.1134/S1063774516020310
INTRODUCTION Currently, the fabrication of polymer nanocomposites consisting of polymers and nanofillers of different natures is an intensively developing field of research. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TDNs) of different modifications are considered the most promising nanofillers. Among all known polymorphs, nano-TiO2 with anatase and η-modification structures have the best prospects, because specifically the composites filled with these nanoparticles exhibit the best functional characteristics [1–4]: (i) viscosity, impact resistance, and wear resistance are significantly improved [5] (e.g., the addition of only 2–4% TDNs to rubber mixtures based on butyl rubber suppresses their UV-induced degradation in samples exposed to open air for a long time [6]); (ii) composites based on 1,2-polybutadiene expand the temperature range of operating capacity and affect the rheological characteristics of the mixture: reduce the torque modulus and viscosity and increase the surface tension at the interface between vulcanized sample and air [7, 8]. During the last few years, one of the main tendencies in the development of the raw-material base for the production of polymer composites has been a rise in the production and consumption of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs). These materials are new-genera-
tion polymers which occupy an intermediate position between plastics and rubbers, possessing both elasticity and technological efficiency. One of the most simple and inexpens
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