Natural Resources and Local Livelihoods in the Great Lakes Region of Africa

This book looks at how the benefits of economic development in the Great Lakes Region of Africa are not being equally distributed. It studies the impact of the increasing scramble for natural resources upon local livelihoods and considers t

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An Ansoms Stefaan Marysse

Natural Resources and Local Livelihoods in the Great Lakes Region of Africa

Natural Resources and Local Livelihoods in the Great Lakes Region of Africa A Political Economy Perspective Edited by

An Ansoms Lecturer in Development Studies, Centre for Development Studies, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium

Stefaan Marysse Professor Emeritus of Political Economy, Institute of Development Policy and Management (IDPM), University of Antwerp, Belgium

Palgrave

macmillan

Preface, selection and editorial matter © An Ansoms and Stefaan Marysse 2011 Individual chapters © contributors 2011 Foreword © David Newbury 2011 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2011 978-0-230-29025-9 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2011 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-33143-7 ISBN 978-0-230-30499-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230304994 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

Contents List of Tables and Figures

xi

List of Abbreviations

xii

Preface

xv

Foreword

xix

Notes on the Contributors

xxiv

Part I Land Relations and Local Livelihoods in the Great Lakes Region 1 Land Relations and Local Livelihoods in the Great Lakes Region An Ansoms and Klara Claessens 1.1 Land and development: a disputed relationship 1.2 Access to land in the Great Lakes Region: from local to global challenges 1.2.1 Demographic pressures and the degradation of land 1.2.2 Dealing with a lega