Naturally Occurring Cembranes
The first studies which established the structures of members of the new group of diterpenes known as cembranes appeared in 1962 when Dauben , Thiessen , and Resnick (1), and Kobayashi and Akiyoshi (2) simultaneously published the structure of the hydroca
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L. ZECHMEISTER HERAUSGEGEBEN VON· EDITED BY
W. HERZ
H. GRISEBACH
G. W. KIRBY
TALLAHASSEE, FLA.
FREIBURG i. BR.
GLASGOW
VOL. 36 VERFASSER . AUTHORS
C. W. J. CHANG· I. FLAMENT· J. A. MATSON· T. NISHIDA G. OHLOFF . F. W. WEHRLI· A. J. WEINHEIMER
1979 SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN GMBH
Mit 11 Abbildungen. With 11 Figures
This work is subject to copyright All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, fe-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks
©
1979by Springer-VerlagWien
Originally published by Springer-Verlag Wien-New York in 1979 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1979
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number AC 39-1015
ISSN 0071-7886 ISBN 978-3-7091-3267-8 ISBN 978-3-7091-3265-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-3265-4
Inhaltsverzeichnis. Contents
Mitarbeiterverzeichnis. List of Contributors .....
. .................. VII
The Use of Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Natural Products ................ . Chemistry. By F. W. WEHRLI and T. NISHIDA
1. Introduction ... 2.
"c 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5.
3.
NMR Spectral Assignments. Single Frequency Decoupling Proton-Coupled Spectra .. Isotopic Substitution. Lanthanide Shift Reagents. Spin-Lattice Relaxation
"c
Spectral Data of Natural Products. 3.1. Terpenoids and Steroids. Monoterpenes . Sesquiterpenes Diterpenes . . . ........ . Terpenoids C" (20 < n < 30) Steroids .. Carotenoids and Related Terpenoids .. 3.2. Alkaloids ... 3.3. Purines, Pteridines, Flavonoids, and Related Substances ......... . 3.4. Carbohydrates 3.5. Antibiotics ..
2 2 3 6 12 14
16 23 24 24 33
55 81 104 122 128
163 174 181
4. Biosynthetic Studies
183
5. Concluding Remarks ..
194
References
195
Addendum ...
216
Inhaltsverzeichnis. Contents
VI
The Role of Heteroatomic Substances in the Aroma Compounds of F oodstoffs. By O. OHWFF and l. FLAMENT ...................................... 231 I. Introduction 231 II. Pyranones. Furanones, and Related Aroma Compounds Ill. Sulfur Compounds
238 243
IV. Thiophenes
252
V. Thiazoles ..
255
VI. Oxazoles and Oxazolines VII. Pyrroles .'
258 260
VIII. Pyn.l7incs
262
References
267
NaturaUy Occurring Cembranes, By A. J. WEINHEIMER, C. W. J. CHANG, and J. A. MATSON ....................................................... 285 l. Introduction ........................................................... 286 A. Nomenclature ......................... , ............................. 287
B. Structural Representation ............................................. 288 C. Configurations ...................................................... 289 D. "Cembrane" ................................ .
290
E. Distribution of Cembranes
291
II. Natural Sources ..... A. Plants.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................. 1. Resinous Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
