Negative Controlling Parenting and Child Personality as Modifiers of Psychosocial Development in Youth with Autism Spect
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Negative Controlling Parenting and Child Personality as Modifiers of Psychosocial Development in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A 9‑Year Longitudinal Study at the Level of Within‑Person Change Lana E. De Clercq1 · Lisa M. Dieleman2 · Jolene van der Kaap‑Deeder3 · Bart Soenens2 · Peter Prinzie4 · Sarah S. W. De Pauw1 Accepted: 10 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This nine-year longitudinal study addresses the joint contribution of parent-rated negative controlling parenting and child personality on psychosocial outcomes in 141 families of children with autism spectrum disorder (83% boys, mean age Time 1 = 10.1). Latent change modeling revealed substantial variation in within-person change in parenting and psychosocial outcomes across a six- and three-year-interval. Over time, negative controlling parenting and child personality were consistently related to externalizing problems, whereas child personality was differentially related to internalizing problems and psychosocial strengths. Three personality-by-parenting interactions were significant, suggesting that children with less mature personality traits show more externalizing behaviors in the presence of controlling parenting. This study identified both parenting and child personality as important modifiers of developmental outcomes in youth with autism. Keywords Autism spectrum disorder · Parenting · Personality · Psychosocial functioning · Within-person level The past decades have witnessed an increasing interest in studying psychosocial development in youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) across adolescence and emerging adulthood. Studies focusing on the development of ASD core symptoms in this age period documented a general, yet modest, improvement in social communication and adaptation across adolescence (e.g., McGovern and Sigman 2005; The authors have previously published on this dataset (De Pauw et al. 2011; Dieleman et al. 2017). However, this is the first paper that (a) maps out intra-individual changes in parenting and psychosocial functioning and (b) examines the personalityparenting interplay on psychosocial development in the context of autism. * Lana E. De Clercq [email protected] 1
Department of Special Needs Education, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
2
Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
3
Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
4
Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Taylor and Seltzer 2010; Gray et al. 2012; Woodman et al. 2015). However, adolescence is quite a challenging period for youth with ASD, even more than is the case for their peers without ASD. During adolescence, the increasing emphasis on social interactions outside the family, including peer relationships, accentuates the social problems and challenges of youth with AS
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