Neonatal sepsis and its associated factors in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Neonatal sepsis and its associated factors in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis Biruk Beletew Abate1
•
Ayelign Mengesha Kasie1 • Melese Abate Reta2,3 • Mesfin Wudu Kassaw1
Received: 13 March 2020 / Revised: 16 September 2020 / Accepted: 20 September 2020 Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+) 2020
Abstract Objectives This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to reveal the magnitude of neonatal sepsis and its associated factors in East Africa. Methods Using PRISMA guideline, we reviewed and meta-analyzed studies from Google Scholar, Cochrane library, and PubMed; last search date: October 15, 2019. Heterogeneity across the studies was estimated. The subgroup analysis was done. Publication bias was also assessed. Results A total of 26 studies with 11,239 participants are included. The pooled prevalence of neonatal sepsis in East Africa was 29.765% (95% CI 23.36–35.94). Home delivery (AOR = 2.67; 95% CI 1.15–4.00), maternal history of urinary tract infection (UTI) (AOR = 2.083; 95% CI 0.24–3.93), gestational age/(preterm) (AOR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.04–2.08), prolonged labor (AOR = 3.23; 95% CI 0.04–6.51) and PROM (AOR = 1.95; 95% CI 0.53–3.37) were identified associated factors of neonatal sepsis. Conclusions The prevalence of neonatal sepsis in East Africa remains high. The relevant stockholders should give attention for neonates delivered from women with intranatal fever to prevent neonatal sepsis. Pregnant women should be screened for UTI. Appropriate interventions should be put in place to manage PROM to decrease the chance of ascending microorganisms. Keywords Neonatal sepsis Prevalence Risk factors Systematic review Meta-analysis East Africa Abbreviations EONS Early-onset neonatal sepsis LONS Late-onset neonatal sepsis PROM Prolonged rupture of membrane UTI Urinary tract infection OR Odds ratio
UNICEF WHO CI DHS EDHS
The United Nations Children’s Fund World Health Organization Confidence interval Demographic and health surveys Ethiopian demographic and health survey
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-020-01489-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Biruk Beletew Abate [email protected] Ayelign Mengesha Kasie [email protected] Melese Abate Reta [email protected]
2
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, P. O. Box 400, Woldia, Ethiopia
3
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Mesfin Wudu Kassaw [email protected] 1
College of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Woldia University, P. O. Box 400, Woldia, Ethiopia
123
B. B. Abate et al.
Introduction Neonatal sepsis is one of the most important reasons of morbidity and mortality in newborns (Simonsen et al. 2014). It includes numerous infections such as pneumonia, septicemia, meningitis, arthritis, urinary tract infectio
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