Neuroprotective effect of Allium hookeri against H 2 O 2 -induced PC12 cell cytotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress
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Neuroprotective effect of Allium hookeri against H2O2-induced PC12 cell cytotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress Sang Ho Rho1 • SoHyeon You2 • Gun-Hee Kim2,3 • Hyun Jin Park1
Received: 7 January 2020 / Revised: 28 July 2020 / Accepted: 6 August 2020 The Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 2020
Abstract In this study, the anti-oxidative and neuro-protective effects of ethanolic extracts of the dried roots of Allium hookeri were investigated. Total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents of A. hookeri extract depended on the ethanol concentrations used (50, 70 and 95%). In order to evaluate radical scavenging activity, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays and ferric reducing powers were evaluated. The results showed the 95% ethanol extract of A. hookeri (95AH) had higher phenolic and flavonoid contents, and greater radical scavenging activities than 50 or 70% ethanol extracts of A. hookeri. The neuro-protective effects of 95AH were evaluated using H2O2-treated PC12 neuronal cells. Treatment of 95AH increased cell viability and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, reduced lactate dehydrogenate release, reduced reactive oxygen species production, and increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio. HPLC revealed
& Hyun Jin Park [email protected] Sang Ho Rho [email protected] SoHyeon You [email protected] Gun-Hee Kim [email protected] 1
Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
2
Department of Health Functional Materials, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, South Korea
3
Department of Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women’s University, 144-gil 33, Samyang-ro, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, South Korea
95AH was rich in phenolics, especially catechin. These results demonstrate 95AH has substantial anti-oxidative and neuro-protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Keywords Allium hookeri Antioxidant Neuroprotection Phenolics Flavonoids
Introduction Research interest in the development of treatments for neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases continues to increase (Kim et al., 2017). Although the etiologies of brain neurodegenerative diseases have not been clearly elucidated, it has been shown the main cause is reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, much attention has been focused on the development and research of antioxidants to control oxidative stress and free radical levels which are unstable, potent oxidants that easily react with many biomaterials, and in so doing cause oxidative stress (Park et al., 2016). ROS are naturally occurring and are produced during normal metabolism (Kim et al., 2017), but when ROS components like superoxide anion (O2•-), hydroxyl radical (•OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), singlet oxygen (1O2), and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) accumulate, they cause lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA modification,which prevent cells functioning normally, and thus, cause cell death (Das and Roychoudhury, 2014; Park et a
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