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New metrics to modify BGP routes based on SDN Lorenzo M. Elguea1 • Felix Martinez-Rios1

Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019

Abstract Through Software Defined Network, routes obtained through Border Gateway Protocol can be modified to improve latency or select a shorter path. With the same tool that perform the above actions, you can modify routes, for example, to avoid autonomous systems in certain countries or some other policy that may help, for example, security. Keywords BGP  Latency  SDN  Other policies

1 Introduction The variability in latency makes it difficult to decide the best route, but using confidence limits, you can determine if one route is better than another or even if the average latency is different, it may be the case that both routes practically presents the same delay time. This is a natural metric to determine, and with the result, create a new route using SDN [12] to inject it through BGP to the routing scheme of an institution. You can also determine which routes are not optimal, because if you have more than 2 neighbors of BGP, you can use the information of the other neighbors to determine which routes are not optimal, correct them and also inject them back into the router [3, 6]. Using this same tool, you can avoid passing through certain Internet Service Providers (ISPs) or prevent traffic from reaching suppliers in some countries. These are examples of the range of possibilities to modify routes with SDN and BGP. If this is possible, clearly less complicated options, for example, to define costs for links, to have privileged ISPs on others, are possible thanks to the analysis of the BGP routes in a computer, such as a PC in real time, for the taking of these decisions.

& Lorenzo M. Elguea [email protected] Felix Martinez-Rios [email protected] 1

Facultad de Ingenierı´a, Universidad Panamericana, Augusto Rodin 498, Ciudad de Me´xico 03920, Mexico

The manipulation of these routes can be done with Java, Python, and others. [4, 7, 9] and the changes made to the routing tables have an immediate effect. [13] This document shows the methodology used for the analysis of the BGP routes implemented as SDN. The most common metrics are detailed, such as latency, and how to obtain benefits when optimizing the routes, and some different metrics are shown, such as the private autonomous systems and the analysis of the routes considering the registered ISP in the path. These examples were created in order to show the flexibility of the BGP analysis that can be performed on a PC connected as a neighbor to the router, through iBGP.

1.1 Objective The primary objective is to show the capabilities of implementing SDN in conjunction with BGP to relay control of Internet routes. This allows to reduce the latency or to avoid specific autonomous systems. Additionally, the implementation of BGP route analysis allows determining which network segments pass through certain ISPs (for example, destinations that go to the United