New strategies of physical activity assessment in cystic fibrosis: a pilot study
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
New strategies of physical activity assessment in cystic fibrosis: a pilot study Daniela Savi1,2* , Luigi Graziano1, Barbara Giordani3, Stefano Schiavetto1, Corrado De Vito1, Giuseppe Migliara1, Nicholas J. Simmonds2, Paolo Palange1 and J. Stuart Elborn4
Abstract Background: Regular physical activity (PA) is a valued part of cystic fibrosis (CF) care. Although the accelerometer, SenseWear Armband (SWA), accurately measures habitual PA in CF, it is mostly used for research purposes. For the first time, we analyzed different methods of measuring PA in daily life by the use of smartphones and other electronic devices such as smartwatch and Fitbit. Methods: Twenty-four stable adults with CF (mean age 37.5 ± 11.5SD yrs.; FEV1 58 ± 19% predicted, BMI 22.9 ± 3.2) were studied. Daily PA was monitored for seven consecutive days. All patients wore the accelerometer SWA and at the same time they monitored PA with the electronic device they used routinely. They were allocated into one of four arms according to their device: Smartwatch, Fitbit, Android smartphones and iOS smartphones. PA related measurements included: duration of PA, energy expenditure, number of steps. Results: There was a good agreement between SWA and Fitbit for number of steps (p = 0.605) and energy expenditure (p = 0.143). iOS smartphones were similar to SWA in monitoring the number of steps (p = 0.911). Significant differences were found between SWA and both Smartwatch and Android smartphones. Conclusions: Fitbit and iOS smartphones seem to be a valuable approach to monitor daily PA. They provide a good performance to measure step number compared to SWA. Keywords: Daily physical activity, Cystic fibrosis, Electronic devices, Accelerometer
Background Regular physical activity (PA) is a valuable component of cystic fibrosis (CF) care [1, 2] and can enhance quality of life, improve sputum clearance and muscle strength and may also positively influence immune function [3–5]. In addition, there is evidence that PA levels of moderate intensity or greater can increase peak oxygen uptake (V’O2 peak) [6, 7], which is an independent prognostic factor for CF [8]. Specifically, CF patients who spent 30 min per day performing PA above moderate intensity * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy 2 Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College, London SW3 6NP, UK Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
had better exercise tolerance, i.e., higher V’O2 peak [6]. Moreover, supervised exercise intervention studies have demonstrated that regular vigorous exercise can positively impact forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) [9]. Accordingly, exercise training programs have been developed for CF patients that aim to change their lifestyle so as to maintain the positive effects of rehabilitation and increase their ability to undertake daily activities. Recently, it has been also obs
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