Physical Activity Assessment in Children and Adolescents
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Sports Med 2001; 31 (6): 439-454 0112-1642/01/0006-0439/$22.00/0 © Adis International Limited. All rights reserved.
Physical Activity Assessment in Children and Adolescents John R. Sirard and Russell R. Pate University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
Contents Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Criterion Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Direct Observation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Doubly Labelled Water . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Indirect Calorimetry . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Objective Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Heart Rate Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Motion Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.1 Pedometers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.2 Accelerometers . . . . . . . . . . . 3. Subjective Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 Self-Report Questionnaires . . . . . . . . 3.2 Interviewer-Administered Questionnaires 3.3 Proxy-Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Diaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. Future Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Abstract
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Chronic disease risk factors, including a sedentary lifestyle, may be present even in young children, suggesting that early prevention programmes may be critical to reducing the rates of chronic disease. Accurate assessment of physical activity in children is necessary to identify current levels of activity and to assess the effectiveness of intervention programmes designed to increase physical activity. This article summarises the strengths and limitations of the methods used to evaluate physical activity in children and adolescents. MEDLINE searches and journal article citations were used to locate 59 articles that validated physical activity measurement methods in children and adolescents. Only those methods that were validated against a more stringent measure were included in the review. Based on the definit
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