New trends in the electrochemical detection of endocrine disruptors in complex media
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New trends in the electrochemical detection of endocrine disruptors in complex media Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault 1 & Jing Kou 2 & Duo Tan 3 & Zhenzhong Guo 2 Received: 20 December 2019 / Revised: 3 February 2020 / Accepted: 12 February 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Endocrine disruptors (EDCs) are substances existing in the environment which affect animal and human endocrine functions and cause diseases. A small quantity of EDCs can have a serious impact on the body. Currently, enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and other traditional methods are used to detect EDCs. Although their sensitivity and reliability are good, these methods are complex, expensive, and not feasible to use in the field. Electrochemical techniques present good potential for the detection of EDCs owing to their low cost, simple, and wearable instrumentation. This paper presents the new trends in this field over the last 3 years. Some simple materials can allow some EDCs to be directly detected. New designs of biosensors, such as aptasensors, allow a femtomolar limit of detection to be reached. Many types of nanomaterial-based sensors were tested; carbonaceous nanomaterials, such as multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), associated or not with other types of nanoparticles were included in numerous designs. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based sensors constitute an emerging field. All the presented electrochemical sensors were successfully tested for the detection of EDCs in different types of real samples.
Keywords Endocrine disruptors . Electrochemical sensors . Biosensors . Nanomaterials . MIP
Introduction An endocrine disruptor (EDC) is not a directly toxic substance but influences the body by interfering with natural hormone systems, and the health effects can be felt long Published in the topical collection featuring Female Role Models in Analytical Chemistry. * Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault [email protected] * Zhenzhong Guo [email protected] 1
University of Lyon, Institute of Analytical Sciences, UMR-CNRS 5280, 5 La Doua Street, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
2
Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
3
School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
after the exposure has stopped. Exposure to endocrine disruptors in the womb can have lifelong effects and can even have consequences for the next generation. EDCs often have an effect on the reproductive function of animals and humans, resulting in infertility and cancers [1]. There are two classes of substances which can cause endocrine disruption: “Natural” hormones which include estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone found naturally in the body of humans and animals, and phytoestrogens, substances contained in some plants; and man
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