Ni 3 Nb alloy species in oxide surfaces of INCONEL 718
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9"a.I q ,o-, Fig. B - The AI-Ti-B system at 820 ~ Heavy lines show compositions of equilibrium phases. Thin lines are tie lines between phases. The open circles and alloy sample numbers are experimental data from Refs. 7 and 13. The dashed line gives TiB2 solubility for the case that there is no interaction between B and Ti. (That is, for (pct Ti) (pct B) 2 = 3 x 10-9.) The curved solid line gives the calculated solubility for the case that e~~ = - 1500. In order to avoid confusion, no solid solution between TiB2 and A1B2 is shown in this figure.
REFERENCES 1. A.J. Cornish: Metal Science, 1975, vol. 9, pp. 477-84. 2. H. Klang: "Grain Refinement of Aluminum by Addition of A1-Ti-B Master Alloys," Ph.D. Thesis, available as Chemical Communications of the University of Stockholm, i981, no. 4, Ahrennius Laboratories of the University of Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden. 3. E Morimune, H. Shingu, K. Kobayashi, and R. Ozaki: Journal Japan Inst. Metals, 1977, vol. 41, pp. 444-50. 4. J.A. Marcantonio and L. E Mondoflo: Metall. Trans., 1971, vol. 2, pp. 465-71. 5. Cards 9-154 and 8-121 of The Powder Diffraction File published by the J.C.RD.S. (Joint Committee for Powder Diffraction Standards), International Center for Diffraction Data, Swarthmore, PA, June 1985. 6. A. Abdel-Hamid, S. Hamar-Thibanlt, and E Dnrand: J. Crystal Growth, 1984, vol. 66, pp. 195-204. 7. Ahmed A. -R. Abdel-Hamid: "Solidification of AI-Ti-B Alloys Rich in Al," Thesis presented May 10, I982 at The National Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble, pp. 81-82. 8. M.M. Guzowski, G. K. Sigworth, and D. A. Sentner: Metall. Trans., in press. 9. K.E. Johansson, T. Palm, and R -E. Wemer: J. Phys. E. Sci. Instrum., 1980, vol. 13, pp. 1289-91. 10. R. Kiusalaas and L. B~ickernd: Department of Structural Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, University of Stockholm, private communication, December 1984. 11. G.K. Sigworth and M . M . Guzowski: AFS Transactions, 1985, vol. 93, in press. 12. A. Cibula: J. Inst. Metals, 1951-52, vol. 80, pp. 8-10. 13. A. Abdel-Hamid and F. Durand: Mere. Sci. Rev. Met., 1983, vol. 10, pp. 591-96. 14. C. H. P. Lnpis and J.F. Eilion: Acta Metall., 1966, vol. 14, pp. 529, 1019. 15. C . H . P . Lupis and J. E Elliott: Trans. Met. Soc. A1ME, 1965, vol. 233, pp. 257, 829. METALLURGICAL TRANSACTIONS A
NiaNb Alloy Species in Oxide Surfaces of INCONEL 718 WILLIAM E. MODDEMAN, STEPHEN M. CRAVEN, and DANIEL P. KRAMER INCONEL* 718, a high nickel containing alloy, is used *INCONEL is a trademark of the INCO family of companies.
as a structural member in glass-ceramic to metal seal applications. 1 In order to study the bonding in the seal of a glassceramic to INCONEL 718, both the alloy and ceramic have been studied by Auger and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The initial study was performed to determine the effect on the surface stoichiometry caused by heat treating INCONEL 718. INCONEL 718 is a complex alloy consisting of at least 1
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