Noble-metal-free catalyst with enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction activity based on granulated Co-doped Ni-Mo phosphid
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Noble-metal-free catalyst with enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction activity based on granulated Co-doped Ni-Mo phosphide nanorod arrays Heping Xie1,2 (), Cheng Lan1,2, Bin Chen2, Fuhuan Wang2,3, and Tao Liu1 1
Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and Utilization, Institute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green Energy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China 3 School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China 2
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Received: 16 May 2020 / Revised: 8 July 2020 / Accepted: 26 July 2020
ABSTRACT The development of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for water splitting is indispensable for the efficient production of hydrogen fuel. Herein, a Co-doped Ni-Mo phosphide nanorod arrays fabricated on porous Ni foam was shown to be an efficient binder-free electrocatalyst for water splitting. This catalyst featured exceptional activity, exhibiting an overpotential of 29 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm−2 for the hydrogen evolution reaction, whereas the corresponding precatalyst exhibited an overpotential of 314 mV at a current density of 50 mA·cm−2 for the oxygen evolution reaction. The achieved electrocatalytic performance provided access to a simple water splitting system, affording a current density of 10 mA·cm−2 at 1.47 V in 1 M KOH electrolyte. Density functional theory results indicated that Co doping and phosphorization were responsible for the high electrocatalytic performance. Thus, this work paves the way for the development of novel noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for practical H2 production via water splitting.
KEYWORDS noble-metal-free electrocatalyst, overall water splitting, cobalt doping, phosphorization, granulated morphology
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Introduction
Water splitting is a promising method for the highly efficient conversion and storage of energy from intermittent sources (e.g., wind and solar energy). As this process affords renewable hydrogen, it’s therefore considered an excellent solution to the global energy and environmental crisis [1, 2]. Electrocatalysts with enhanced activity and stability are necessary to trigger overall water electrolysis, comprising the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) [3, 4]. Pt/C and RuO2 (or IrO2) have been widely considered benchmark catalysts owing to their ability to lower the HER and OER activation barriers, respectively, and thus enhance the corresponding kinetics. However, since the scarcity and high cost of these noble metals hinder their large-scale commercial applications in overall water splitting [5–7]. As a result, considerable effort has been directed toward the development of nonprecious transition-metal-based catalysts for the OER and HER [8, 9]. Therefore, the design and synthesis of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for overall water splitting are of
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