Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Activity and Lithium-Ion Storage of Three-Dimensional Porous MoS 2 Hybridized with Graphene

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Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Activity and Lithium‑Ion Storage of Three‑Dimensional Porous ­MoS2 Hybridized with Graphene Aerogel Renjie Ye1,2 · Yanping Bao1,2 · Jindan Huang3 · Yadi Zhao1,2 · Zihan Fan1,2 · Haixin Chen1,2 · Xiaolin Hu1,2 · Naifeng Zhuang1,2 Received: 10 January 2020 / Accepted: 6 May 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract  The molybdenum disulfide (­ MoS2) and the graphene aerogel (GA) were hybridized into a porous three-dimensional network composite ­(MoS2/GA). Due to its large specific surface area, good electrical conductivity and stable structure, ­MoS2/GA has ­ oS2/GNRs as electrode materials. Moreover, higher discharge specific capacity and better rate performance than M ­ oS2 and M ­MoS2/GA has better hydrogen evolution catalytic activity and durability. Graphic Abstract A porous three-dimensional network can be built in ­MoS2/GA composites. Hybridization gives ­MoS2 nanosheets wider interlayer spacing, fewer layers, larger BET surface area, and more active sites. It can be found that ­MoS2/GA(100:15) is the efficient HER electrocatalytic material and the energy storage material than ­MoS2 and ­MoS2/GNR due to the superior electrocatalytic activity and durability.

Keywords  Molybdenum disulfide · Graphene aerogel · Electrochemical performance · Hydrogen evolution catalyst

Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (https​://doi.org/10.1007/s1056​2-020-03255​-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xiaolin Hu [email protected]

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Institute of Optical Crystalline Materials, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People’s Republic of China

* Naifeng Zhuang [email protected]

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Fujian Institute of Testing Technology, Fuzhou 350003, People’s Republic of China

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College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People’s Republic of China

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1 Introduction Molybdenum disulfide ­(MoS2) has a layered structure that is maintained by van der Waals force. The graphene-like layered structure allows M ­ oS2 can react with the foreign molecules or ions in its interlayer [1, 2]. The large enough interlayer space and the strong intralayer covalent bond force maintain the stability of structure with a weak volume expansion when the foreign molecules or ions are repeatedly inserted and removed. The defective sulfur edges of ­M oS 2 have excellent electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) [3–6]. Therefore, ­MoS2 is the choice of the electrocatalyst for HER and the anode material for lithium ion batteries. However, the low conductivity and the aggregation of M ­ oS 2 lead to its instability in electrochemical reaction [6–8]. It is an effective solution for M ­ oS2 to be hybridized with a carbon material with high conductivity and large specific surface area. Our previous research found that the molybdenum disulfide/graphene nanoribbon ­( MoS 2/GNR) composite exhibit higher discharge specific capacity and better HER electrocatalytic acti