Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: new trends and role of ultrasonography
- PDF / 573,969 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 81 Downloads / 203 Views
SPECIAL FEATURE: REVIEW ARTICLE Diagnosis and assessment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / nonalcoholic steatohepatitis using ultrasound elastography
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: new trends and role of ultrasonography Toshifumi Tada1,2,3 · Takashi Nishimura2,3 · Masahiro Yoshida3 · Hiroko Iijima2,3 Received: 7 August 2020 / Accepted: 2 September 2020 © The Japan Society of Ultrasonics in Medicine 2020
Abstract Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is entering a new era in terms of diagnosis and conceptualization. The term NAFLD is considered to not reflect current knowledge. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been suggested as a more appropriate overarching term by experts in this field. Regarding NAFLD progression, most patients die from non-liver-related diseases, even patients with advanced fibrosis. Liver biopsy is essential for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); it is the only procedure that reliably differentiates NAFLD from NASH. Recently, various noninvasive methods for diagnosing steatosis and fibrosis have been developed. Ultrasound attenuation measurements and proton density fat fraction with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been developed as imaging tools for predicting steatosis. Fibrosis-4 index and NAFLD fibrosis score are complex scores for predicting fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. In addition, elastography based on ultrasound and MRI has been developed as an imaging tool for predicting fibrosis. There is a strong correlation between values from various real-time shear wave elastography devices and transient elastography, which is the gold standard for ultrasound-based measurements of liver stiffness. In conclusion, NAFLD is at a turning point in terms of its conceptualization, terminology, and diagnostics. It is now time to reconfirm the role of ultrasonography for the assessment of NAFLD. Keywords Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease · Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis · Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Abbreviations HCC Hepatocellular carcinoma NAFLD Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease MAFLD Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease NASH Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis PDFF Proton density fat fraction FIB-4 Fibrosis-4 HR Hazard ratio * Toshifumi Tada [email protected] 1
Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, 1‑12‑1 Shimoteno, Himeji, Hyogo 670‑8540, Japan
2
Department of Gastroenterology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
3
Ultrasound Imaging Center, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
CI Confidence interval NFS NAFLD fibrosis score MRI Magnetic resonance imaging NAFL Nonalcoholic fatty liver CAP Controlled attenuation parameter AUROC Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ATI Attenuation imaging UGAP Ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter ATT Attenuation coefficient TE Transient elastography MRE Magnetic resonance elastography SWE Shear wave elastogr
Data Loading...
