Nonclassical photon statistics and bipartite entanglement generation of excited coherent states
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Nonclassical photon statistics and bipartite entanglement generation of excited coherent states R. Soorat1,2 · S. Nitharshini2 · M. Anil Kumar1,2 · S. K. Singh1,2 Received: 13 February 2020 / Accepted: 10 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract We have studied the effect of a beam splitter on the excited coherent states, which are an intermediate state between the fock state and the coherent state. These states are obtained due to successive elementary one-photon excitations of a coherent state. We have used linear entropy to measure the entanglement generated through a beam splitter when a single-mode excited coherent state is injected at each input port of the beam splitter. We have used our very generalized results to study the possible generation of entanglement for few more specific cases also. Furthermore, we have also studied the nonclassical photon statistics of the output field through the Mandel’s Q parameter and have found the correlation between the photon statistics and the entanglement of the output state. Keywords Beam splitter · Excited coherent states · Entanglement · von Neumann entropy
1 Introduction Nonclassical correlations between the subsystems of a given composite system are the most fundamental discrepancies between classical and quantum physics [1]. In general, a common description of all the subsystems is required for describing the properties and evolution of the composite system [2]. These nonclassical correlations are usually termed as entanglement. It is one of the most interesting and fascinating property of a quantum system [2]. Entanglement has vast applications in the field of quantum information processing, quantum computation and quantum technology
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S. K. Singh [email protected] R. Soorat [email protected]
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Quanterro Technologies FZC LLC, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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AiFi Technologies LLC, Abu Dhabi, UAE 0123456789().: V,-vol
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[3,4]. It has various applications in quantum teleportation [5], quantum key distribution(QKD) as well as in certain quantum cryptographic protocols [6]. One of the most prominent examples of entangled states are Bell states, which maximally violate Bell-type inequalities and are only valid for classical correlations [7]. On the other hand, nonclassical effects in quantum optics have been studied through the negativities in the Glauber–Sudarshan quasi-probability distribution, denoted as P function [8,9]. If this distribution function has the characteristics of a classical probability distribution, then the corresponding state is considered as the classical state, otherwise nonclassical [10,11]. Furthermore, entanglement and the nonclassical effects characterized by the negativities in P function appear to be correlated, e.g., mixing of two radiation fields through a beam splitter, where nonclassicality in one of the input ports is necessary for the generation of entanglement in the output state [12]. Similarly, an entangled composite state has a negative P
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