Continuous variable B92 quantum key distribution protocol using single photon added and subtracted coherent states
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Continuous variable B92 quantum key distribution protocol using single photon added and subtracted coherent states S. Srikara1 · Kishore Thapliyal2 · Anirban Pathak3 Received: 30 June 2019 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this paper, a continuous variable B92 quantum key distribution protocol is proposed using single photon added and subtracted coherent states, which are prepared by adding and subsequently subtracting a single photon on a coherent state. It is established that in contrast to the traditional discrete variable B92 protocol, this protocol for quantum key distribution is intrinsically robust against the unambiguous state discrimination attack, which circumvents the requirement for any uninformative states or entanglement used in corresponding discrete variable case as a remedy for this attack. Further, it is shown that the proposed protocol is intrinsically robust against the eavesdropping strategies exploiting classical communication during basis reconciliation, such as beam splitter attack. Security against some individual attacks, key rate, and bit-error rate estimation for the proposed scheme are also provided. Specifically, the proposed scheme ensures very small bit-error rate due to properties of the states used. Thus, the proposed scheme is shown to be preferable over the corresponding discrete variable B92 protocol as well as some similar continuous variable quantum key distribution schemes. Keywords Continuous variable QKD · B92 type QKD · Application of engineered quantum states · Single photon · Added and subtracted coherent states
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Anirban Pathak [email protected] S. Srikara [email protected] Kishore Thapliyal [email protected]
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Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
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RCPTM, Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacky University and Institute of Physics of Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
3
Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-62, Noida 201307, India 0123456789().: V,-vol
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1 Introduction Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a method by which quantum states and features of quantum mechanics are used to distribute an unconditionally secure key (see [1–3] for review). A scheme for QKD was first proposed by Bennett and Brassard in 1984, which is now known as BB84 protocol for QKD [4]. This was followed by an entangled statebased protocol for QKD [5] introduced by Ekert in 1991, which later formed the basis of device independence. This protocol involved measurement in three bases and thus uses six states in contrast to four states used in BB84 protocol. Almost immediately after the introduction of Ekert’s protocol, in 1992, Bennett established that neither four nor six states are essential to accomplish the QKD task in a secure manner, and two nonorthogonal states are sufficient to perform QKD [6]. T
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