Nonlinear optical and photosensitive properties of polyamidoimides containing commercial azo dyes
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US, VITREOUS, POROUS, ORGANIC, AND MICROCRYSTALLINE SEMICONDUCTORS; SEMICONDUCTOR COMPOSITES
Nonlinear Optical and Photosensitive Properties of Polyamidoimides Containing Commercial Azo Dyes E. L. Aleksandrovaa, M. Ya. Goœkhmanb, L. I. Subbotinab, N. N. Smirnovb, A. É. Bursianb, A. V. Yakimanskiœb, and V. V. Kudryavtsevb aIoffe
Physicotechnical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bol’shoi proezd 31, St.Petersburg, 119004 Russia
bInstitute
Submitted March 14, 2006; accepted for publication March 28, 2006
Abstract—For a set of comblike polymers manufactured by polymer-analogue conversions, nonlinear optical and photosensitive properties are investigated. On the basis of the chemical modification, the interaction between polyamidoimides with side carboxyl groups with glycidyl ethers of commercially manufactured azo dyes (DR-1, DO-13, DY-7) is used. It is shown that transparent films of these polymers have a reasonably high electrophotographic photosensitivity (at a level of 104 cm2/J), and the coefficient d33 of second-harmonic generation describing nonlinear optical properties is within 4.5–6 pm/V. PACS numbers: 73.61.Ph, 78.66.Qn, 79.60.Fr DOI: 10.1134/S1063782606110169
1. INTRODUCTION
2. EXPERIMENTAL
For several decades already, a great deal of attention in world science has been focused on creating polymers with nonlinear optical (NLO) properties [1, 2]. New materials capable of competing with conventional NLO media (inorganic crystals) [3] are sought. The most promising trends in this field are the synthesis of chromophore-containing monomers and polymers produced on their basis [4, 5], and the covalent attachment of chromophores to polymers with side reactivity groups [6, 7]. Among heat-resistant heterocyclic polymers used as matrices for photosensitive and NLO materials, polyamidoimides (PAIs) attract the special attention of researchers. Due to solubility in amide solvents and reasonably good mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties, these polymers are widely used in microelectronics [8]. The possibility of introducing chromophores having very high dipole moments (µ1) in the excited state into a side chain of a polymer, as well as the optical uniformity and transparency, make PAIs with side chromophores promising materials for new optical technologies, in particular, for manufacturing photosensitive and NLO media.
We investigated PAIs modified by chromophores of various structure. The schematic representation of the modification is shown in Fig. 1. PAIs were modified by glycidyl ethers of azo dyes using the technique described in [9]. Hexamethylendiamine, the N-methyl2-pyrrolidone (N-MP), was purified by distillation in vacuum. Thionyl chloride, epichlorohydrin, was purified by simple distillation. 3,5-diaminebenzoic acid, dimethylbenzylamine (DMBA), was purified according to [10]. An initial PAI was synthesized according to the technique described in [11]. Glycidyl ethers of hydr
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