Novel Au nano-grating for detection of water in various electrolytes
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Novel Au nano‑grating for detection of water in various electrolytes Mohsin Ijaz1 · Muhammad Aftab2 · Sumera Afsheen3 · Tahir Iqbal2 Received: 4 May 2020 / Accepted: 17 July 2020 © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020
Abstract This paper reports an advanced and novel sensing idea by utilizing the concept of surface plasmon resonance. A numerically designed model of plasmonic-based sensor has been proposed that is capable of detecting the mixture of water in alcohol and in a variety of other electrolytes including milk, hemoglobin, octane, etc. The sensor uses gold as a recognition element with equidistant slits for the transmission of incoming light which give rise to plasmon polaritons on metal–dielectric–interface. The zeroth-order transmission spectra have been extracted for this investigation and optimization. A transverse magnetic wave illuminates the noble metal normally through a glass substrate generating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) on a particular wavelength which changes with respect to the refractive index of adjacent medium. The sensor model has been numerically solved after optimization of slit size by keeping other parameters fixed utilizing the fundamental plasmonic mode for efficient excitation of SPPs. In this sensing chip, a uniform spatial period of about 660 nm, a constant slit size of 320 nm, a gold thickness of 50 nm for sensing element and 500 nm for glass substrate are used. An appreciable increment in the value of refractive index sensitivity of 668.66 nm per RIU has been found which is noteworthy. Such sensors are likely been welcomed in biological investigation, along with chemical and environmental detection techniques. Keywords Surface plasmon resonance · 1D nano-grating · Slit size · Liquid sensor · Refractive index unit
Introduction During the last few decades and especially the second decade of twentieth century, an appreciable progress has been seen in plasmonic devices particularly in the field of affinitybased sensors. Such sensors are being used in biosensing technology, drug screening, environmental protection, food safety, medical diagnostics, and most importantly in security systems (Homola and Piliarik 2006; Homola 2003). Affinity-based sensors constitute a transducer and a biological Mohsin Ijaz and Muhammad Aftab have contributed equally to this work. * Mohsin Ijaz [email protected] Tahir Iqbal [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
3
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
identifying element which is accomplished to interact with a given sample analyte. A huge number of different optical techniques have been explored till now and year 2020 will be a year of revolution in this field. This technology includes the fluorescence spectroscopy, interferometry, optical waveguides spectroscopy, and a
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