Novel drug delivery systems targeting oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review
- PDF / 5,756,519 Bytes
- 25 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 19 Downloads / 169 Views
Journal of Nanobiotechnology Open Access
REVIEW
Novel drug delivery systems targeting oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review You Xu1,2, Hongmei Liu1 and Lei Song1*
Abstract Oxidative stress is significantly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Combining antioxidant drugs or nutrients results in a noteworthy therapeutic value in animal models of COPD. However, the benefits have not been reproduced in clinical applications, this may be attributed to the limited absorption, concentration, and half-life of exogenous antioxidants. Therefore, novel drug delivery systems to combat oxidative stress in COPD are needed. This review presents a brief insight into the current knowledge on the role of oxidative stress and highlights the recent trends in novel drug delivery carriers that could aid in combating oxidative stress in COPD. The introduction of nanotechnology has enabled researchers to overcome several problems and improve the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of drugs. Large porous microparticles, and porous nanoparticleencapsulated microparticles are the most promising carriers for achieving effective pulmonary deposition of inhaled medication and obtaining controlled drug release. However, translating drug delivery systems for administration in pulmonary clinical settings is still in its initial phases. Keywords: Oxidative stress, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Drug delivery, Nanoparticles, Microparticles, Nanocomposite microparticles Introduction The respiratory tract is constantly exposed to multiple endogenous and exogenous oxidants and develops a series of defence mechanisms to limit the oxidative damage. Oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance between increased oxidative burden and the defective antioxidant system, is involved in cellular and tissue damage related to the pathogenesis and progression of many acute and chronic respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1, 2]. COPD is characterised by chronic bronchitis and emphysema, which present with that feature persistent airway inflammation, *Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, People’s Republic of China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
ultimately leading to a gradual progression of irreversible airway obstruction. It has become a global health problem ranked as the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. There were up to 2.8 million deaths from COPD in 2010 globally and about 175 million patients were suffering from this disease in 2015 [3]. Although therapeutic strategies have advanced to help ease symptoms and prevent complications, there is no cure for COPD. Therefore, new approaches are urgently needed to slow or even stop the progression of this disease and reduce the mortality. The presence of excessive r
Data Loading...
