Novel Single Balancing Circuitry for Modular Cell for Electric Vehicle Applications
Battery state monitoring and cell balancing are crucial requirements to achieve full cycle life of lithium-ion battery systems especially in EV/HEV applications to improve the overall efficiency of the system. This paper proposes a novel modular balancing
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Abstract Battery state monitoring and cell balancing are crucial requirements to achieve full cycle life of lithium-ion battery systems especially in EV/HEV applications to improve the overall efficiency of the system. This paper proposes a novel modular balancing system with a single balancing circuitry, and the performance of the proposed method is validated under MATLAB Simulink environment. A fourmodule battery system with three cells in each module is considered for simulationbased performance analysis. Through this new topology, balancing can be achieved in an efficient manner. Keywords Electric vehicle · Hybrid electric vehicle · Battery management system · Modular cell balancing
1 Introduction Electric vehicle (EV) is more superior to conventional IC engine from comparison based on pollution and efficiency. The main elements of the EV are an electric motor, G. A. George (B) · F. M. Chacko · A. Prince Department of Electrical Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, Government Engineering College Kottayam, APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, Kottayam, Kerala, India e-mail: [email protected] F. M. Chacko e-mail: [email protected] A. Prince e-mail: [email protected] M. V. Jayan Department of Electrical Engineering, Government Engineering College Trissur, APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, Trissur, Kerala, India e-mail: [email protected]
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 V. Nath and J. K. Mandal (eds.), Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Microelectronics, Computing and Communication Systems, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 673, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5546-6_69
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an electronic control unit, an energy storage system (battery), a battery management system, etc. [1]. Hybrid electric vehicle, plug in hybrid electric vehicle, and all electric vehicle are the main classification of electric vehicle based on energy source as shown in Fig. 1. The more prevalent choice of batteries used in EV application is Li–ion batteries due to its numerous advantages compared to other battery types [2, 3]. Li–ion cell is a metal lithium having the highest negative potential and lowest atomic weight, which provides the EVs highest features in terms of performance efficiency. Due to the intercalation and removal of smaller ions, there are a few structural changes of the anode and cathode of Li–ion battery during normal operation. Batteries like lead-acid (Pb-acid) and nickel metal hydride (NiMH) can withstand overcharge condition to some extent. But overcharging of Li–ion batteries leads to battery damage either in the form of electrode decomposition or electrolyte decomposition. Battery management system (BMS) [4] plays a vital role to ensure the safe operation of Li–ion battery. Battery state monitoring and balancing are the other two main functions of BMS apart from protection both in normal operation as well as in critical condition like accidents
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