Nuclear DNA content estimations and nuclear development patterns in Antarctic macroalgae
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Nuclear DNA content estimations and nuclear development patterns in Antarctic macroalgae Rafael P. Martín–Martín1,2,3 · Elisenda Vilajoliu–Galcerán1 · Jordi Rull Lluch1,2,3 · Carlos Angulo–Preckler2,4 · Conxita Ávila2,4 · Amelia Gómez Garreta1,2,3 Received: 29 July 2019 / Revised: 20 May 2020 / Accepted: 23 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Nuclear DNA content of marine macroalgae is known for only about a 3% of the globally known taxa, and so far, the only available data concerning marine Antarctic macroalgae refer to the Phaeophyceae Ascoseira mirabilis and Desmarestia antarctica. As these data can be useful for species delimitation when combined with other taxonomical information, we aimed to expand the available number of measurements in the understudied Antarctic seaweed flora. To address this, we measured the nuclear DNA content of 12 Antarctic marine algae (seven Rhodophyceae and five Phaeophyceae). Nuclear DNA analyses were carried out by spectrofluorimetry and image analysis from samples conserved in Carnoy, using DAPI as DNA marker. For ten of these taxa, our values represent the first estimations to date. The nuclear DNA content estimates obtained for the Antarctic red algae examined vary between 2C = 0.38 pg in Gigartina skottsbergii and 2C = 1.63 pg in Neuroglossum delesseriae. In brown algae, the values range from 2C = 0.18 pg in both Desmarestia antarctica and Desmarestia menziesii to 2C = 0.96 pg in Phaeurus antarcticus. Furthermore, this study allowed us to identify nuclear developmental patterns for the first time in two Antarctic seaweeds (Ballia callitricha and Neuroglossum delesseriae). Keywords Nuclear DNA content · Nuclear patterns · Antarctica · Seaweeds
* Rafael P. Martín–Martín [email protected] Elisenda Vilajoliu–Galcerán [email protected] Jordi Rull Lluch [email protected] Carlos Angulo–Preckler [email protected] Conxita Ávila [email protected] Amelia Gómez Garreta [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
2
Biodiversity Research Institute (IrBIO), Campus Sud. Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
3
Plant Biodiversity Resource Centre (CeDocBiV), University of Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 2, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
4
Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Introduction The nuclear DNA content of a species, expressed as C–value, is the total quantity of not replicated nuclear DNA of a gamete, and it is constant and independent from the level of ploidy of the individuals (Swift 1950; Greilhuber et al. 2005). C–values are used in a wide range of biological fields for its fundamental biological meaning (Goff & Coleman 1990; Bennett et al. 2000; Salvador et al. 2009; Bennett & Leitch 2011), and it is used in industrial, taxonomic, and phylogenetic studies, as well as biogeographi
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