Number, frequency and time interval of examinations under anesthesia in bilateral retinoblastoma
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ONCOLOGY
Number, frequency and time interval of examinations under anesthesia in bilateral retinoblastoma Ido Didi Fabian 1,2,3 & Vishal Shah 2 & Noa Kapelushnik 3 & Zishan Naeem 1 & Zerrin Onadim 1 & Elizabeth A Price 1 & Catriona Duncan 1,4 & David Stansfield 5 & Mandeep S Sagoo 1,2,6 & M. Ashwin Reddy 1,2 Received: 9 September 2019 / Revised: 16 December 2019 / Accepted: 19 December 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Current practice in retinoblastoma (Rb) has transformed this malignancy into a curable disease. More attention should therefore be given to quality of life considerations, including measures related to examinations under anesthesia (EUAs). We aimed to investigate EUA measures in bilateral Rb patients and compare the findings to EUAs in unilateral Rb. Methods A retrospective analysis of bilateral Rb patients that presented to the London Rb service from 2006 to 2013, were treated and had long-term follow-up. Results A total of 62 Rb patients, 15 (24.2%) of which had International Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification (IIRC) group A/B/no Rb at presentation, 26 (41.9%) C/D, and 21 (33.9%) were E in at least one eye. The mean number of EUAs was 35.8 ± 21.5, mean time from first to last EUA was 50.6 ± 19.9 months, and mean EUA frequency was 0.715 ± 0.293 EUAs/month. IIRC group was found not to correlate with any of the EUA measures. Age at presentation inversely correlated with time interval from first to last EUA and to EUA frequency (p ≤ 0.029). Rb family history correlated with the latter measure (p = 0.005) and intraophthalmic artery chemotherapy and brachytherapy correlated with all EUA measures (p ≤ 0.029). Mean follow-up time was 80.1 ± 24.3 months. When compared with a previously reported cohort of unilateral Rb, the present group underwent 3× more EUAs (p < 0.001) over nearly double the time (p < 0.001). Conclusions Families should be counselled on anticipated EUA burden associated with bilateral Rb. In this respect, age at presentation and family history were found to have a predictive role, whereas IIRC group did not. Keywords Retinoblastoma . Examination under anesthesia . Chemotherapy . Enucleation
Introduction Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the commonest primary intraocular malignancy of childhood [1] and is a potentially life-threatening * Ido Didi Fabian [email protected] 1
Retinoblastoma Service, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
2
Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
3
Ocular Oncology Service, Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
4
Paediatric Oncology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
5
Anaesthetic Department, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
6
Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
metastatic condition. Advances in Rb management have transformed the disease into a curable one, with survival rates in high-income countries that are estimated at nearly 100% [2]. This necessitates the need to consider quality of life implications assoc
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