Numerical simulation of particle deposition in the human nasal cavity
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DOI: 10.1134/S0869864320020122
Numerical simulation of particle deposition in the human nasal cavity * V.L. Ganimedov and M.I. Muchnaya Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] (Received May 13, 2019; revised June 28, 2019; accepted for publication August 26, 2019) This paper presents the results of numerical simulation of airflow with suspended particles through a human nasal cavity. The stationary and nonstationary problem statements were considered. Within the nonstationary case, two variants were studied: for the first variant, the breath cycle is taken with symmetric inhale/exhale, and for the second variant, we modelled a real asymmetric breath cycle. The solution was based on Navier–Stokes equations for laminar flow of incompressible gas. Particle flow is described using the Lagrangean approach with account for Brownian motion. Numerical simulation results were compared with experimental and simulation data from other authors. Results for different variants of problem statement were compared. Asymmetry of breath cycle should be accounted in calculation of particle deposition efficiency. A simple rule was found that replaces the computation-consuming nonstationary calculation with three stationary flow calculations. Keywords: human nasal cavity, simulation methods, unsteady cycle of breathing, flow field, submicron particles, deposition efficiency.
Introduction The particles delivered by air flow while inhaling to the human nasal cavity might have different nature. One class of particles is beneficial for human organism, e.g., medical sprays. The other classes are detrimental for humans exhaust gases, industrial dust, let alone the particle-borne poison substances. Therefore, the particle motion through the nasal cavity is important task; it would help in estimating the proportion of particles captured within the nose and other delivered to the respiratory tract and to the lunges. Highly developed mathematical simulation methods allow one to study the flow structure in the nasal cavity, which is a complexgeometry channel (this study is beyond capability of modern instrumental tools). The study of flow in a respiratory tract is on-going for last 30 years and scientific publications offer numerous results. Authors of papers [1, 2] managed to present some new results, and, on the other hand, compare them with other available data and demonstrate a good compliance. Taking into account that paper [2] dealt with simulation of pure air flow, the current study is focused on deposition * Research was partly supported by Program of Fundamental Scientific Research with State Academies of Sciences for years 2013-2020 (Project АААА-А17-117030610126-4).
V.L. Ganimedov and M.I. Muchnaya, 2020
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V.L. Ganimedov and M.I. Muchnaya
of air-borne submicron particles in the cavity. The key results are presented after comparison with verification of our results against simulation and experimental data from other authors. Problem
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