Numerical Simulation of Tri-layer Interface Cracks in Piezoelectric Materials Using Extended Finite Element Method
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RESEARCH PAPER
Numerical Simulation of Tri‑layer Interface Cracks in Piezoelectric Materials Using Extended Finite Element Method G. Pamnani1 · S. Bhattacharya2 · S. Sanyal2 Received: 21 February 2019 / Accepted: 26 July 2019 © Shiraz University 2019
Abstract Piezoelectric materials have wide applications due to their special electromechanical coupling characteristics but are vulnerable to sudden failure because of their brittle nature. Researchers have been profoundly interested in investigating the fracture of piezoelectric materials under different applied conditions. In the present work, tri-layer plates with interface cracks in piezoelectric materials have been analyzed using XFEM. Impermeable static cracks at the interfaces of PZT-5H and PZT-4 have been investigated under mechanical and electromechanical loading conditions. Numerical results show that the ɛ (oscillating) singularity vanishes and 𝜅 class singularity exists for the current combination of materials. Enrichment functions for 𝜅 class are applied to obtain the stress and electric fields near the crack tip. An interaction integral approach is used to evaluate fracture parameters. An effect on stress and electric displacement intensity factors due to variation in mechanical and electric loading has also been investigated. Keywords Piezoelectric material · Tri-layer · Interface cracks · XFEM · Fracture
1 Introduction Piezoelectric materials possess special characteristics to convert mechanical energy into electric energy and vice versa. This electromechanical coupling uniqueness of piezoelectric material had led to their use in various technical areas such as piezoelectric motors, actuators, transducers and also energy harvesting. However, piezoelectric materials have the disadvantage of being brittle in nature due to which they can fracture suddenly without any prior indication of failure. The presence of any discontinuity such as cracks and voids poses a major challenge to their application in several areas. Hence, it is essential to analyze the effect of defects such as cracks and voids on the strength and reliability of piezoelectric components under applied conditions. Thus, * G. Pamnani [email protected] S. Bhattacharya [email protected] S. Sanyal [email protected] 1
Bhilai Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, India
National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, India
2
researchers have been interested in investigating fracture responses of piezoelectric materials under different loading conditions. Fracture of piezoelectric material was first addressed by Parton (1976) who evaluated critical load during mechanical load that leads to development of cracks. Pak (1990) solved mode III fracture problem from energy release rate by evaluating path-independent integral at crack tip. Further, the effect on crack growth due to variation in electrical load was investigated. A finite element method was implemented to analyze crack in piezoelectric materials and evaluate fracture parameters by Kuna (1998); singular sp
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