Numerical simulation of water inrush in fault zone considering seepage paths
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Numerical simulation of water inrush in fault zone considering seepage paths Haitao Yu1,2 · Shuyun Zhu1,2 · Huadong Xie3 · Junhua Hou3 Received: 29 February 2020 / Accepted: 21 August 2020 / Published online: 24 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Fault zones provide water flow paths and have often been the focus of water inrush prevention and control in coal mines. In previous studies, fault zones have been modeled as a straight line, but due to the influence of changes in the rock structure and weathering, fault zones are actually not linear. Therefore, the focus of this research is to examine the effect of considering the nonlinearity of a fault by using numerical simulations to examine water inrush from a fault zone that is characterized by fractures with different seepage paths. The model simulates water inrush from a nonuniform channel to explore the influence of seepage paths under confined flow conditions and high water pressures on seepage velocity in a fault. The determination of boundary conditions and calculation parameters in the numerical model is based on the experimental results of injection test in the fault of study area. The results show that in the compression zones of the fault, the flow velocity is higher and the potential energy of the water is increased due to changes in the cross section of the fault. Water inrush in the compression zones of the fault will lead to more serious inrush events. In addition, high water pressure from the water source of the inrush also has a substantial influence on the velocity of the water body. The flow medium in the fracture, which has a low permeability and is more or less impermeable, plays an important role in controlling the severity of water inrush. Keywords Water inrush · Fault zone · Seepage path · Numerical simulation · High pressure water · Flow medium
* Shuyun Zhu [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resources and Reservoir Formation Process of the Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
2
Institute of Mine Water Hazards Prevention and Controlling Technology, School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
3
Department of Geological Survey, Dongtan Coal Mine, Yanzhou Coal Mining Company, Zoucheng 273500, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
13
Vol.:(0123456789)
1764
Natural Hazards (2020) 104:1763–1779
1 Introduction With the continuous increase in the depth of coal mining in China, water inrush from the mine floor due to high water pressure is also becoming increasingly a threat. In some mining areas, the water pressure from Ordovician aquifers that consist of limestone can reach more than 10 MPa, so that water inrush with deep mining is an increasingly serious issue. According to research data obtained from a large number of previous water inrush events (see for example, Zhang 2005; Bukowski 2011; Wu et al. 2
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