Physical simulation experiment on prevention and control of water inrush disaster by backfilling mining under aquifer
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Physical simulation experiment on prevention and control of water inrush disaster by backfilling mining under aquifer Qiang Sun1,2 · Guohao Meng1 · Kai Sun1 · Jixiong Zhang1 Received: 31 March 2020 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Solid backfill coal mining technology can be safely and efficiently used to exploit coal resources under aquifers, without causing harm to the water resources and the environment. Nevertheless, the mechanism of fracture development and seepage channel or pathway control in the key aquiclude strata (KAS) in backfill coal mining under fluid–solid coupling have not been studied. Based on the similarity theory of fluid–solid coupling physical simulation, this study involves experimental evaluation of similar materials and characteristics of composite KAS, backfill body, and aquifer. Subsequently, we designed and employed three experimental models for physical simulation, corresponding to backfill materials’ compaction ratios (BMCRs) of 0%, 65%, and 80% using the geological conditions of mining face No. 101 under the aquifer in the Wugou coal mine. Fracture evolution laws, mining-induced deformation, and stress distribution characteristics of composite KAS with different BMCRs are studied. The backfill body can effectively weaken the influence of mining stress, such as the maximum subsidence, sinking speed, initial or periodic fracture damage area of the composite KAS, inhibiting the formation of seepage cracks and water inrush channels. The increase in the BMCR plays an important role in the closure and repair of developed fractures. Keywords Fluid–solid coupling · Solid backfill coal mining · Physical models · Seepage flow · Key aquiclude strata · Fracture development
Introduction Hydrogeological conditions in China indicate that nearly half of its principal coal mines (47.5%) are threatened by surface and underground water sources, as well as water accumulation in the goaf (Meng et al. 2009). According to official statistics, about 2 tons of water resources are destroyed per ton of coal mining, and 71% of key, stateowned coal mines in China are short of water due to extensive coal mining, with 40% seriously short of water, and the utilization rate of mine water being only 25% (Sun et al. 2018). On the other hand, coal mining under aquifers can * Qiang Sun [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, School of Mines, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
2
easily cause disasters dues to the inrush of mine water. In the past 20 years, there have been more than 800 such disasters, causing more than 4,000 deaths (Huang et al. 2016). These challenges necessitate the selection of a reasonable mining method for areas with aquifers, which would improve the recovery rate of coal resources and protect wat
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