Nutrient Inputs and Hydrology Interact with Plant Functional Type in Affecting Plant Production and Nutrient Contents in
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GENERAL WETLAND SCIENCE
Nutrient Inputs and Hydrology Interact with Plant Functional Type in Affecting Plant Production and Nutrient Contents in a Wet Grassland Keith R. Edwards 1
&
Hana Čížková 2
Received: 15 March 2019 / Accepted: 22 August 2019 # Society of Wetland Scientists 2019
Abstract We studied the effect of nutrient additions and hydrology on the above-ground production and shoot nutrient contents of representative species of the conservative (Carex acuta) and competitive (Glyceria maxima) plant functional types in a minerotrophic wet grassland. Above-ground samples were collected in May, late June (time of maximum biomass) and August (re-growth following cutting) from plots subjected to nutrient addition treatments in years with differing hydrology, ranging from drought to prolonged flooding. Net above-ground primary production (NAPP) and shoot nutrient contents (C, N, P) were determined separately for C. acuta and G. maxima. Between-year and species differences were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and generalized linear mixed models (GLMM). NAPP decreased with hydrologic stress with the proportion due to C. acuta increasing with flooding, while G. maxima responded positively to nutrient additions. As expected, C% was greater, but N and P% were lower, in C. acuta shoots compared to G. maxima. Hydrology affected above-ground production and shoot nutrient contents more than nutrients, but both interacted with plant functional type, with likely impacts on ecosystem processes. Future studies must consider multiple factors to predict the effect of climate and management changes on wetlands. Keywords Carex . Glyceria . Hydrology . Nutrient addition . Plant functional type
Introduction Climate change is expected to affect hydrologic regimes through changes in precipitation amounts and seasonal patterns. This is especially relevant for Central Europe, which is predicted to have drier conditions with changed precipitation patterns as a result of climate change (IPCC 2014). Such changed hydrologic patterns are expected to affect plant species composition with subsequent repercussions on ecosystem
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-019-01216-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Keith R. Edwards [email protected] 1
Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
2
Department of Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
functions (Garssen et al. 2017). Other human actions, including increased nutrient inputs resulting from agricultural intensification (Vitousek et al. 1997), can interact with site hydrology resulting in changed plant species composition and diversity (Wisheu and Keddy 1992; McJannet et al. 1995; Bollens et al. 2001; Brinson and Malvarez 2002) as well as affecting plant biomass and nutrient allocation patterns (Saggar et al. 1997; Detenbeck et al. 1999; Gough et
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