Nutrient Removal as a Function of Corn Stover Cutting Height and Cob Harvest
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Nutrient Removal as a Function of Corn Stover Cutting Height and Cob Harvest Jane M. F. Johnson & Wally W. Wilhelm & Douglas L. Karlen & David W. Archer & Brian Wienhold & David T. Lightle & David Laird & John Baker & Tyson E. Ochsner & Jeff M. Novak & Ardell D. Halvorson & Francisco Arriaga & Nancy Barbour
Published online: 15 April 2010 # US Government 2010
Abstract One-pass harvest equipment has been developed to collect corn (Zea mays L.) grain, stover, and cobs that can be used as bioenergy feedstock. Nutrients removed in these feedstocks have soil fertility implication and affect feedstock quality. The study objectives were to quantify nutrient concentrations and potential removal as a function of cutting height, plant organ, and physiological stage. Plant samples were collected in 10-cm increments at seven diverse
geographic locations at two maturities and analyzed for multiple elements. At grain harvest, nutrient concentration averaged 5.5 gN kg−1, 0.5 gP kg−1, and 6.2 gK kg−1 in cobs, 7.5 gN kg−1, 1.2 gP kg−1, and 8.7 gK kg−1 in the above-ear stover fraction, and 6.4 gN kg−1, 1.0 gP kg−1, and 10.7 g K kg−1 in the below-ear stover fraction (stover fractions exclude cobs). The average collective cost to replace N, P, and K was $11.66 Mg−1 for cobs, $17.59 Mg−1 for above-ear
Wally W. Wilhelm deceased. The US Department of Agriculture offers its programs to all eligible persons regardless of race, color, age, sex, or national origin and is an equal opportunity employer. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the US Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12155-010-9093-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. J. M. F. Johnson (*) : N. Barbour North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 803 Iowa Ave., Morris, MN 56267, USA e-mail: [email protected]
D. L. Karlen : D. Laird National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 2110 University Boulevard, Ames, IA 50011, USA
N. Barbour e-mail: [email protected]
D. L. Karlen e-mail: [email protected]
W. W. Wilhelm : B. Wienhold Agroecosystems Management Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 279 Plant Science, UNL, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
D. Laird e-mail: [email protected]
B. Wienhold e-mail: [email protected]
D. W. Archer Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, PO Box 459, Mandan, ND 58554, USA e-mail: [email protected]
Bioenerg. Res. (2010) 3:342–352
stover, and $18.11 Mg−1 for below-ear stover. If 3 Mg ha−1 of above-ear stover fraction plus 1 Mg of cobs are harvested, an average N, P, and K replacement cost was est
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