Objective Controllability Assessment for Unintended ADAS Reactions
For the development of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems, the assessment of benefits and potential risks are crucial factors. An example is the controllability assessment of unintended reactions of ADAS as described in ISO 26262. One method this standard
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Objective Controllability Assessment for Unintended ADAS Reactions Alexander Weitzel
7.1 Introduction Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are developing rapidly. They rely on the environment perception system to assist and support the driver to avoid accidents. This development urges a need for test methods and test tools for the assessment of different aspects of these systems. Beside verification of the functions, it is also necessary to validate the positive effects of these systems on traffic safety. To identify the requirements for these more global evaluations, the whole system of the vehicle, the driver and the environment, has to be taken into account. Existing testing methods and testing tools for ADAS have a varying spectrum of purposes. Many of these methods are designed to verify the sensor detection abilities or the performance of the hazard identification and warning algorithm of an ADAS function. Their purpose is to prove with measurements that a specific attribute or feature of the product fulfills the defined requirements. Therefore, these testing methods and tools need to be highly specific for the given attribute. Regarding the purpose of an ADAS system in real traffic situations, the intended benefit is often global in terms that it is inclusive, because the systems boundaries used for the assessment include the driver in the vehicle within the traffic situation. Example intended benefits are “reduce the accident rate” or “reduce the severity of accidents”. Moreover, it needs to be proven that the benefits outweigh the potential downsides, like hazards due to failures or false reactions. In case of potential failures, these tests are required to obtain the functional safety approval of the system according to ISO 26262 (2009, Part 3, p. 6) . False reactions are not addressed in this standard, although the resulting situation for the driver may be similar. These “global” characteristics of a system cannot necessarily be derived from the functional requirements, as they are highly dependent on situations and usage of the A. Weitzel (B) Fachgebiet Fahrzeugtechnik, TU Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 30, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany e-mail: [email protected] M. Maurer and H. Winner (eds.), Automotive Systems Engineering, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-36455-6_7, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
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vehicle. Therefore, test methods for the characteristics need to be highly relevant for the field, must take into account the whole system of the driver with the vehicle in the environment and must allow a transferable assessment which is independent of the specific system.
7.2 Requirements for the Assessment of Global Characteristics To assess the global characteristics, suitable test situations have to be identified. These situations must clearly reveal the characteristic and must be evaluated and ranked as to their relevance in real traffic. Therefore, the characteristic and its influencing factors need to be analyzed and connected to the situational factors. By ranking the
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