Observed subsurface eddies near the Vietnam coast of the South China Sea
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Observed subsurface eddies near the Vietnam coast of the South China Sea Bo Song1, Huizan Wang1, 2*, Changlin Chen3, Ren Zhang1, Senliang Bao1 1 College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing 211101, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of
Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China 3 Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences/Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai
200433, China Received 14 May 2018; accepted 5 July 2018 © Chinese Society for Oceanography and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract
In this study, subsurface eddies near the Vietnam coast of the South China Sea were observed with in situ observations, including Argo, CTD, XBT and some processed and quality controlled data. Based on temperature profiles from four Argo floats near the coast of Vietnam, a subsurface warm eddy was identified in spring and summer. The multi-year Argo and Global Temperature and Salinity Profile Programme (GTSPP) data were merged on a seasonal basis based on the data interpolating variational analysis (DIVA) method to reconstruct the three-dimensional temperature structure. There is a warm eddy in the central subsurface at 12.5°N, 111°E below 300 m depth in spring, which does not exist in autumn and is weak in winter and summer. From CSIRO Atlas of Regional Seas (CARS) and Generalized Digital Environment Model (GDEM) reanalysis data, this subsurface warm eddy is also verified in spring. Key words: coast of Vietnam, subsurface eddy, Argo, GTSPP, DIVA Citation: Song Bo, Wang Huizan, Chen Changlin, Zhang Ren, Bao Senliang. 2019. Observed subsurface eddies near the Vietnam coast of the South China Sea. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 38(4): 39–46, doi: 10.1007/s13131-019-1412-8
1 Introduction Subsurface eddies have a great influence on the distribution of heat, salt, the intensity and position of thermocline, and biogeochemical properties. Subsurface eddies also affect submarine navigation and fishing site selection. The South China Sea (SCS) is the largest semi-enclosed marginal sea in the Northwest Pacific. Many studies have used satellite data to study eddies in the SCS, but the data cannot be used to study their threedimensional structure. Zhang et al. (2014) pointed out that, excluding the Atlantic, there have been few investigations of subsurface mesoscale eddies in other open oceans or marginal seas. Therefore, it is meaningful to identify subsurface eddies using limited observation data from the SCS. The surface eddies are frequently observed from remote sensing, however eddies localized in the ocean interior are difficult to detect. Many studies have fully used observational data to discover subsurface eddies. Zhurbas et al. (2004) used CTD data to study the generation of subsurface cyclonic eddies in the Southeast Baltic Sea. Jerónimo and Gómez-Valdés (2007) used in situ hydrographic data for July 2004 in the southern region of the California Curren
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