Ocular macrophage origin and heterogeneity during steady state and experimental choroidal neovascularization
- PDF / 6,378,756 Bytes
- 19 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 84 Downloads / 172 Views
(2020) 17:341
RESEARCH
Open Access
Ocular macrophage origin and heterogeneity during steady state and experimental choroidal neovascularization Steven Droho1, Benjamin R. Thomson2, Hadijat M. Makinde3, Carla M. Cuda3, Harris Perlman3 and Jeremy A. Lavine1*
Abstract Background: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) commonly causes vision loss from aberrant angiogenesis, termed choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Macrophages are heterogeneous cells that are necessary for experimental CNV, present in human CNV samples, and can display diverse functions, which are dependent upon both their origin and tissue microenvironment. Despite these associations, choroidal macrophage heterogeneity remains unexplored. Methods: We performed multi-parameter flow cytometry on wildtype (WT) and Ccr2−/− mice after laser injury to identify macrophage subtypes, and determine which subsets originate from classical monocytes. To fate map tissue resident macrophages at steady state and after laser injury, we used the Cx3cr1CreER/+ ; Rosa26zsGFP/+ mouse model. We reanalyzed previously published single-cell RNA-seq of human choroid samples from healthy and nAMD patients to investigate human macrophage heterogeneity, disease association, and function. Results: We identified 4 macrophage subsets in mice: microglia, MHCII+CD11c−, MHCII+CD11c+, and MHCII−. Microglia are tissue resident macrophages at steady state and unaffected by laser injury. At steady state, MHCII− macrophages are long lived, tissue resident macrophages, while MHCII+CD11c− and MHCII+CD11c+ macrophages are partially replenished from blood monocytes. After laser injury, MHCII+CD11c− macrophages are entirely derived from classical monocytes, MHCII− macrophages originate from classical monocytes (90%) and an expansion of tissue resident macrophages (10%), and MHCII+CD11c+ macrophages are derived from classical monocytes (70%), non-classical monocytes (10%), and an expansion of tissue resident macrophages (20%). Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of human choroid found 5 macrophage subsets: two MHCII+CD11C− and three MHCII+CD11C+ populations. One MHCII+CD11C+ subset was 78% derived from a patient with nAMD. Differential expression analysis identified up-regulation of proangiogenic gene expression in one MHCII+CD11C− and two MHCII+CD11C+ subsets, including the disease-associated cluster. The upregulated MHCII+CD11C− pro-angiogenic genes were unique compared to the increased MHCII+CD11C+ angiogenesis genes. (Continued on next page)
* Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 240 E Huron St, McGaw M343, Chicago, IL 60611, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the so
Data Loading...
