On the Functional Equations Satisfied by Eisenstein Series

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544 Robert P. Langlands

On the Functional Equations Satisfied by Eisenstein Series

Springer-Verlag Berlin. Heidelberg 9New York 19?6

Author Robert P. Langlands School of Mathematics Institute for Advanced Study Princeton, N.J. 08540/USA

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Langlands, Robert P 1936On the functional equations satisfied by Eisenstein series.

(Lecture notes in mathematics ; 544) Bibliography: p. Includes index. i. Eisenstein series. 2. Functional equations. 3. Lie groups. 4. Automorphlc forms. I. Title. II. Series: Lecture notes in mathematics (Berlin) ;

~.

QA3.L?.8 no. 544 [@,A}~04] 510'.8s [515%7]

76-41389

AMS Subject Classifications (1970): 10C15, 10C99, 22E40, 30A58, 32 N10, 42A16, 43A65 ISBN 3-540-07872-X Springer-Verlag Berlin 9 Heidelberg 9 New York ISBN 0-387-07872-X Springer-Verlag New York 9 Heidelberg 9 Berlin This .work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under w 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use, a fee is payable to the publisher, the amount of the fee to be determined by agreement with the publisher. 9 by Springer-Verlag Berlin 9 Heidelberg 1976 Printed in Germany Printing and binding: Beltz Offsetdruck, Hemsbach/Bergstr.

PREFACE In t h e s e d a y s of d i z z y i n g s c i e n t i f i c p r o g r e s s w h e n o f f e r i n g to t h e m a t h e m a t i c a l certainly bears

s o m e apology i s c a l l e d f o r

public a work written twelve years

t h e s t a m p of a j u v e n i l e h a n d ,

it c o m p l e t e l y ,

trace

and the manuscript

There were two possibilities:

o r to p u b l i s h it a s it s t o o d ; a n d I p r e f e r r e d

There were, cation.

about my neck.

w h e n it w a s f i r s t w r i t t e n ,

T h e s t u d y of E i s e n s t e i n

formula,

series

and the t r a c e f o r m u l a

It

a n d I h a d a l w a y s h o p e d to r e v i s e

b u t m y i n c l i n a t i o n to a r e a l e f f o r t g r e w e v e r s l i g h t e r , c o m i n g an a l b a t r o s s

ago.

was be-

to f o r g e t a b o u t

the second.

other reasons

is a prelim ina ry

it,

for delaying publi-

to t h e d e v e l o p m e n t

has been a long time evolving.

of a

Not only does

it present serious analytic difficulties, but also the uses to w h i c h it should be put have not b e e n clear.

A sustained attack on the analytic difficulties is n o w being

carried out, by A r t h u r and others, and, thanks to a large extent to d e v e l o p m e n t s within the theory of Eisenstein series itself, w e n o w have a clearer picture of the theorems he done,

that will flow f r o m the trace formula.

However

and a complete treatment of Eisenstein series,

a great deal r e m a i n s to even imperfect,

may

be

useful to those wishing to try their hand at developing or using t