Opioid Craving in Human Laboratory Settings: a Review of the Challenges and Limitations
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REVIEW
Opioid Craving in Human Laboratory Settings: a Review of the Challenges and Limitations Kimberly Goodyear 1,2,3
&
Carolina L. Haass-Koffler 1,2,3
# The American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, Inc. 2019
Abstract There are many factors that need to be taken into consideration when measuring craving in a human laboratory study. This review summarizes and discusses some of the major challenges researchers are faced with when assessing opioid craving in clinical research. First, there are wide range of available assessments that have been developed for measuring craving and depending on the research questions or the underlying constructs targeted, some may be more appropriate than others. In addition to establishing the methodological point of departure for designing a study with craving, there are also different participant conditions and characteristics that need to be evaluated when selecting among the large selection of assessments available. Participant conditions/characteristics can influence the degree or frequency of opioid craving experienced. Lastly, there can be contextual conditions that affect opioid cravings such as a stressful environment that may alter cue saliency. It is recommended that researchers carefully consider the different constituents that contribute to opioid craving and to ensure a comprehensive evaluation when assessing each participant. A more thorough consideration of these challenges can help us to understand the optimal ways to measure one important and complex component of addiction. Key·Words measurement . craving . human laboratory . assessments . opioids
Introduction The role of craving in drug-seeking behaviors has been wellestablished in addiction research over the past 60 years. The contribution of craving in addictions was further substantiated after being clinically recognized in the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM5) as diagnostic criteria for substance use disorders [7]. Despite Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-019-00791-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Kimberly Goodyear [email protected] 1
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
2
Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
3
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
the clinical recognition and the large volume of research on craving, the measurement of craving in human laboratory studies has been a source of debate among researchers [13]. The challenges with measuring craving include the definition of craving [25], the clinical utility of craving and the reliability of subjective craving resp
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