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CS OF LOW-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES, MESOSTRUCTURES, AND METAMATERIALS

Optical Absorbers for Thermoelectric Solar-Energy Converters Based on Composites Containing Metal and Semiconductor Nanoparticles A. I. Sidorova, b, *, V. A. Saninaa, O. S. Kudaevb, and I. N. Anfimovac a ITMO

University, St. Petersburg, 197101 Russia St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, St. Petersburg, 197376 Russia c Grebenschikov Institute of Silicate Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] b

Received March 14, 2020; revised March 14, 2020; accepted July 28, 2020

Abstract—Spectra of optical density of continuous and nanoporous glasses containing silver nanoparticles, nanoporous glasses containing silver and copper nanowires, along with nanoporous glasses containing silver sulfide and copper oxide nanoparticles, are presented. A comparative analysis of possibilities of their application as absorbers of solar radiation in thermoelectric solar-energy converters is carried out. DOI: 10.1134/S0030400X20110247

As a rule, photoelectric solar-energy converters used nowadays exhibit high conversion efficiency in the visible spectral range [1]. For example, efficient conversion for thin-film photoelectric converters based on amorphous hydrogenated silicon (α-Si:H) occurs in the spectral interval from 400 to 650 nm, while that for converters based on microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) is achieved in the spectral interval between 600 and 850 nm [2]. At the same time, spectrum of solar radiation at sea level spans the interval from 300 to 1200 nm [1] (Fig. 1). The problem of broadening the spectral interval in which solar energy is used can be solved by using thermoelectric converters with perfect absorbers that convert solar radiation to heat. Broadband perfect absorbers in the UV, visible, and near-IR spectral intervals are currently studied intensively [3, 4] because they have many promising applications. Perfect absorbers are used for protection of objects from solar light [5], thermoelectric conversion of solar radiation [6–8], visualization of thermal fields [9], and measurement of radiation emissivity [10]. Different mechanisms and effects are used for broad-band absorption of radiation. For example, the possibility of creating perfect absorbers by using multiple resonances, effects of light scattering, impedance matching, and slow-light modes was demonstrated in [10–19]. The possibilities of creating perfect absorbers based on metamaterials, including plasmonic metamaterials, were studied in [20–24]. Composite materials containing metal and semiconductor nanoparti-

cles are also promising for creation of perfect absorbers. The present work aims at synthesis of absorbing composites based on glasses containing silver nanoparticles, silver and copper nanowires, along with glasses containing copper oxide and silver sulfide nanoparticles. Absorption spectra of the synthesized composites are investigated from the point of view of possibility of using them in thermoelectric converters