Optimal Allocation of Water Reuse Using Modified TODIM-GP Approach with Considering the Leopold Matrix Outputs
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Optimal Allocation of Water Reuse Using Modified TODIM-GP Approach with Considering the Leopold Matrix Outputs Behnam Fooladi Dehaghi 1
& Ali Khoshfetrat
1,2
Received: 9 December 2019 / Accepted: 6 August 2020/ # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract
Allocation of water use is one of the most important challenges of water resources management that needs to evaluate water reuse options, especially in areas with limited water resources, arid climate, increasing water demand due to population growth. In this study, the modified TODIM method (Multi-Criteria Decision-Making in Portuguese with considering the risk preferences of decision makers) that can be used with goal programming (GP) by considering Leopold matrix outputs in order to preform Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The present study is aimed at optimally allocate water reuse to multiple stakeholders in Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran. The results showed that the numerical model developed with an integration of optimization and quantitative evaluation can be considered as a useful tool to develop feasible guidelines for adapting the requirements of different stakeholders for optimized allocation of recycled water. Keywords Multi-criteria decision making . TODIM . Environmental impact assessment . Water reuse . Optimal allocation . Risk preferences
1 Introduction The main goal of water resources management is to increase health, social and economic advantages and decrease the level of risk acceptance. The problem of optimal allocation of water resources has been raised due to water resources scarcity and excessive needs of stakeholders for water resources. Therefore, water reuse has grown throughout the world as an alternative source of water and water reuse allocation (WRA) is one of the major challenges in water resource management.
* Ali Khoshfetrat [email protected]
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
2
Water Studies Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
Dehaghi B.F., Khoshfetrat A.
In the context of managing water reuse issues, various studies are described below: Keremane and McKay (2007) reported scheduled water reuse plans considering several dimensions of sustainable development such as socio-economic and environmental aspects. Gikas et al. (2015) applied an optimized model according to mixed integer linear programming to calculate the financial benefits of water reuse. Mcheik et al. (2017) in Jordan used different scenarios of treated municipal wastewater reuse for grapes farms. Lee et al. (2018) reported an optimized structure for water reuse and use of renewable energy resources in facilities. Besides, various adaptations of AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process), TOPSIS and ANP (Analytic Network Process) methods are used to solve complicated problems in management and planning of treated municipal wastewater and sludge reuse in land development and agriculture (kalavrouziotis et al. 2011; Karimi et al. 2011; Hadipour et al. 2016; Es
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