Optimal Parameters of OUPFC and GUPFC Under Renewable Energy Power Variation Using Cuckoo Search Algorithm Variants
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Optimal Parameters of OUPFC and GUPFC Under Renewable Energy Power Variation Using Cuckoo Search Algorithm Variants K. V. Kumar Kavuturu1 · P. V. R. L. Narasimham2 Received: 13 March 2020 / Revised: 24 July 2020 / Accepted: 29 July 2020 © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2020
Introduction In this paper, improved variants of cuckoo search algorithm are proposed for optimizing the controlling variables of flexible ac transmission system devices towards voltage stability enhancement and active power loss minimization by considering renewable energy sources intermittency in the network. Materials and methods Primarily, the optimal location for flexible ac transmission system devices is determined using line stability index and later the control parameters of generalized unified power flow controller and optimal unified power flow controller are optimized at different intermittency levels of renewable energy sources using three cuckoo search algorithm variants. The case studies are performed on standard IEEE 14-, 30-, 57-bus test systems. Conclusion The superiority of proposed cuckoo search algorithm variants (linearly increased switching parameter, exponentially increased switching parameter and increased switching parameter in a power of three) in solving the multi-objective, non-linear complex optimization problem over time varying acceleration coefficient—particle swarm optimization variants is presented by illustrating various case studies. Keywords Transmission loss · Line stability index (LSI) · Generalized unified power flow controller (GUPFC) · Optimal unified power flow controller (OUPFC) · Cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) · Renewable energy source intermittency (RESI) Abbreviations RES Renewable energy sources CES Conventional energy sources FACTS Flexible Ac transmission system UPFC Unified power flow controller OUPFC Optimal unified power flow controller PST Phase shift transformer GUPFC Generalized unified power flow controller CSA Cuckoo search algorithm AVDI Average voltage deviation index TVAC—PSO Time varying acceleration coefficients— particle swarm optimization
* K. V. Kumar Kavuturu [email protected] P. V. R. L. Narasimham [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, JNT University, Kakinada, India
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, VR Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada, India
2
1 Introduction With the continuing increase in demand and unexpanded transmission system due to limitations, the power systems have been forced to operate closer to the stability limits. To overcome this, integration of renewable energy sources (RES) in every power system is increasing continuously by the adoption of decarbonization policy across the world [1]. Among various types of RES [2], wind and solar photovoltaic based energy sources are the most adopting technologies even at end-user level. As compared to Conventional energy sources (CES), the RES have various advantages like (i) reduced active pow
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