Optimal Planning for Satisfying Future Electricity Demands Involving Simultaneously Economic, Emissions, and Water Conce
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER
Optimal Planning for Satisfying Future Electricity Demands Involving Simultaneously Economic, Emissions, and Water Concerns Tania Itzel Serrano-Arévalo 1 & Maricruz Juárez-García 1 & José María Ponce-Ortega 1 Received: 17 April 2020 / Revised: 1 June 2020 / Accepted: 3 July 2020 # Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
Abstract The main problem related to the electricity generation planning is to ensure the total satisfaction of the demanded power along a period of time considering the population growth. Since the power demand is function of the growing population, there is a fast depletion of the environment caused mainly by the harmful emissions produced and the big amounts of water consumed in large power generation plants. Therefore, when a power supply system is planning, it is important to evaluate the negative outcomes that could be generated in the environment and to balance them with the economic performance of the system. In this work is presented an optimization approach for the strategic planning of electricity generation, the model seeks the optimal selection of technologies for the new power generation capacity (clean and conventional) which will satisfy the power demand in different scenarios in a specific period of time. The proposed multi-objective model is solved using the ε-constraint method for determining a trade-off between economic, harmful emissions (CO2, NOx, SO2 and particle emissions), and water consumption through a set of Pareto diagrams. The power demand and the resources available for electricity generation in Mexico are presented as a case study, where it is possible to reduce up to 38.4% of emissions and 41.58% of water consumed, by minimizing these two factors, which has a significant environmental impact. Keywords Optimal planning . Electrical energy . Energy demand . Technologies . Power plants
Introduction The major challenge in electricity supply planning is to ensure the production to satisfy the energy demand in the present as well as in the future according to the population growth, focusing especially in areas which have the largest percentages of population without access to electricity like Latin America, Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa (Panos et al. 2016), because the lack of access to electricity is embodied the poverty and low human development (Shyu 2014). Notwithstanding, providing to the world population general access to electricity represents a technical, economic, and environmental problem. The power supply chain design has considered mainly factors like capital investment in the long term and operating costs in the short term (Ding and Somani 2010; Ram et al. 2018). The
* José María Ponce-Ortega [email protected] 1
Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Francisco J. Mujica, S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Edificio V1, 58060 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
different configurations for the energy supply chain resulting from the economic analysis may derive in different consequences in the environment
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