Optimization and evaluation of the method for the determination of the manganese content in manganese ores and concentra
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RESEARCH PAPER
Optimization and evaluation of the method for the determination of the manganese content in manganese ores and concentrates as described in ISO 4298:1984 Chenglin Yan 1 & Shu Liu 1
&
Hong Min 1 & Chen Li 1 & Zhixiu Zhu 1 & Chunsheng Lu 2 & Qiang Gao 3
Received: 26 May 2020 / Revised: 29 June 2020 / Accepted: 3 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract It has been 36 years since ISO 4298:1984 was published, yet the role of sodium pyrophosphate in the oxidation of manganese(II) by potassium permanganate in this standard has not been fully recognized. The sample and reagent dosages exceed the actual detection needs, which creates challenges in the test operation and waste liquid treatment. In this study, a more scientific expression for the principle and reaction and the dosage of pyrophosphate in ISO 4298:1984 are discussed. The pyrophosphate ligand is involved in the oxidation of manganese(II) by potassium permanganate, and plays a role in preventing Mn(II) precipitation or Mn(III) dismutation during the whole reaction. The most appropriate amount of saturated sodium pyrophosphate is 150 mL for the test of manganese ores and concentrates with manganese content from 15% to 60%. The method developed by reducing sample size and reagent consumption was evaluated with ten certified reference materials, showing high accuracy and meeting the analytical performance requirements. These results can provide technical support for the revision of ISO 4298:1984. Keywords Potentiometric method . International standard . Manganese content . Analysis
Introduction Manganese ores and concentrates are basic raw materials for the iron and steel, chemical and battery industries, which are closely related to the national economy. Manganese content is the key determinant for setting prices in the global trade of manganese ores and concentrates. However, ISO 4298:1984 [1], the international standard for the determination of manganese content in manganese ores and concentrates using a potentiometric method, has been published for 36 years. From the
* Shu Liu [email protected] * Chen Li [email protected] 1
Technical Center for Industrial Product and Raw Material Inspection and Testing of Shanghai Customs, Shanghai 200135, China
2
China Metallurgical Standardization Institute, Beijing 100730, China
3
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
perspectives of scientific precision and usability, ISO 4298:1984 may not fully satisfy practical needs and the requirements of green chemistry. The revision of ISO 4298:1984 is of great significance to the production, trade and arbitration of manganese ores and concentrates. Many intensive research efforts have been made with regard to the detection method adopted in ISO 4298:1984. Early in 1946, Lingane and Karplus [2] proposed the method for the determination of manganese by the potentiometric titration of manganese(II) with permanganate in neu
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