Optimization Study on Whiplash Injury Reduction in Rear Impact
Neck whiplash is a common injury mode in rear impact. Seat design is improved to prevent whiplash injury. DOE study is conducted to determine the sensitivity of geometry and stiffness parameters of seat system based on MADYMO platform. Optimization of des
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Abstract Neck whiplash is a common injury mode in rear impact. Seat design is improved to prevent whiplash injury. DOE study is conducted to determine the sensitivity of geometry and stiffness parameters of seat system based on MADYMO platform. Optimization of design parameters is performed to give the optimized level of seat design parameters to reduce neck whiplash injury. Keywords Whiplash
DOE Optimization Seat Rear impact
1 Introduction Rear impact is the most traffic accidental catalog according to accidental statistics in china [1]. Recently, China New Car Assessment Program (CNCAP) has been updated to encourage car makers to provide better protection of occupant neck during rear impact. Neck whiplash is a common injury mode in rear impact. Main counter-measure is taken by most car makers to meet increased safe requirements and reduce the whiplash injury through improved seat design, especially with active headrest. Under these circumstances, study is made on how design parameters of the seat affect whiplash injury and optimize design parameters to minimize neck whiplash.
F2012- F02-027 Y. Wang (&) Beijing Automotive Technology Center, Beijing, China
SAE-China and FISITA (eds.), Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 197, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-33805-2_22, Ó Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
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Y. Wang
Fig. 1 Sled model
Fig. 2 Details of vehicle seat model (a) Whole seat (b) Seat cushion (c) Seat back (d) Reactive headrest
2 Construction of Madymo Model It is key factor to have a computationally efficient model in conducting the parametric study. So, this study is done in the multi-body dynamics-based MADYMO platform that simulates dynamic behaviors of physical systems and evaluates injuries sustained by the occupants. Analysis model is constructed according to sled test for whiplash prevention performance described in CNCAP [2], as shown in Fig. 1. Vehicle seat is main component in the model. For simplified multi-bodies dynamics model, it is important to keep similar the kinematic mechanism and mechanical characteristics between the physical structure and the model. Concept seat in the analysis model uses the combination of multiple ellipsoids, planes, and kinematic joints to describe the physical prototype. Physical seat consists of seat
Optimization Study on Whiplash Injury Reduction
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Fig. 3 Sled pulse curve
cushion, seat back and the headrest, which are usually divided to external foam pad and internal metal structure. As shown in Fig. 2, in the model, external foam pads are represented by three connected ellipsoids defining the geometry and their stiffness characteristics derived from the component test of seat foam. Internal metal structures are simplified as connected planes are and their contact characteristics. Different parts of vehicle seat are joined using kinematics joints according to physical mechanism. The seat back can rotate with respect to the seat cushion through revolute joint. As a main counte
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