Optimizing Biomass Feedstock Blends with Respect to Cost, Supply, and Quality for Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Fast Pyrolys
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Optimizing Biomass Feedstock Blends with Respect to Cost, Supply, and Quality for Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Fast Pyrolysis Applications Vicki S. Thompson 1
&
John E. Aston 1 & Jeffrey A. Lacey 1 & David N. Thompson 2
Published online: 24 May 2017 # Springer Science+Business Media New York (outside the USA) 2017
Abstract Biomass cost, supply, and quality are critical parameters to consider when choosing feedstocks and locations for biorefineries. Biomass cost is dependent upon feedstock type, location, quantities available, logistics costs, and the quality specifications required by the biorefinery. Biomass quality depends upon feedstock type, growth conditions, weather, harvesting methods, storage conditions, and any preprocessing methods used to improve quality. Biomass quantity depends on location as well as growth conditions, weather, harvesting methods, and storage conditions. This study examines the interdependencies of these parameters and how they affect the biomass blends required by biomass depots and/or biorefineries to achieve the lowest cost feedstock with sufficient quality at the quantities needed for biorefinery operation. Four biomass depots were proposed in South Carolina to each produce 200,000 t of feedstock per year. These depots supply a centrally located 800,000 t biorefinery that converts the feedstocks to bio-oil using either catalyzed or uncatalyzed fast pyrolysis. The four depots utilize biomass based upon availability, but the feedstock or feedstock blend still met the minimum quality requirements for the biorefinery. Costs were minimized by using waste biomass resources such as construction and demolition waste, logging residues, and forest residuals. As necessary, preprocessing methods such as air classification and acid leaching were used to upgrade biomass quality. For both uncatalyzed and catalyzed fast pyrolysis, all
* Vicki S. Thompson [email protected]
1
Biological and Chemical Processing Department, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2203, USA
2
Bioenergy Technologies, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-3570, USA
four depots could produce biomass blends that met quality and quantity specifications at a cost lower than using a single feedstock. Keywords Biomass cost . Biomass quality . Biomass quantity . Feedstock blends . Biorefinery . Feedstock depot
Introduction In developing blends of biomass feedstocks for use in fast pyrolysis conversion reactions, there are three primary constraints that limit what materials can be used: feedstock cost, feedstock quality, and available quantities of each feedstock. While each of these variables has its own set of metrics, they are also interdependent. As general examples, high-quality feedstocks are likely to be more expensive as the demand for these feedstocks is higher. To obtain sufficient quantities of the desired feedstock, it may be necessary to source materials from long distances; however, the cost of transporting that feedstock to the preprocessing depot or bio
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