Organic Light Emitting Diode Directly Fabricated on a Polymer Waveguide Device
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ABSTRACT Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) which consists of 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq 3) and diamine derivative (TPD) were directly fabricated on a polymer waveguide device. Polymer waveguide device consists of deuterated methacrylate polymer core and UV cured epoxy resin cladding. One of the edges of the polymer waveguide was cut in 45 degree, which was served as a mirror, in order to introduce the output light from OLED to the waveguide. Indium-tin oxide (ITO) or semi-transparent aluminum metal was deposited onto the polymer waveguide, which served as anode. The OLED was directly fabricated by evaporation technique at the edge of a waveguide, whose edge served as a mirror. Emission and transmission characteristics of the light from red-light-emitting OLED are also discussed as a light source for the polymer based waveguide with low transmission loss. INTRODUCTION Organic electroluminescent diodes (OLED) utilizing fluorescent dyes or conducting polymers have attracted great interest due to their advantage for an emission in wide visible spectral range, high emissivity and low driving voltage. Nowadays, OLEDs have been realized to have long lifetime and durability for flat panel display applications. However, they have also advantage for simple fabrication method on various kind of substrate, such as polymer or glass substrates. On the other hand, polymer waveguide devices have attracted attentions for flexible optical circuits and switched and so on. Combination of polymer waveguide and organic optical devices will make huge advantages for fabricating optical integrated circuits. In this paper, we discuss fabrication of EL devices, which were directly fabricated onto the polymer waveguide. Optical and transmission characteristics of EL devices [1] which consist of 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum and diamine derivative [2] and of europium complex (Eu(TTA) 3phen) and azomethin derivative (1AZMHex) [3]. We also discuss their transmission characteristics in plastic waveguide devices. 103 Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. Vol. 597 © 2000 Materials Research Society
EXPERIMENT Molecular structures of the materials used for the OLEDs are shown in Fig. OLEDs were fabricated as the light sources for the polymer waveguide devices. consist of an indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate, diamine derivative transporting layer, an emissive layer of 8-hydroxyquinolie aluminum (Alq3 )
1. Two kinds of The first OLED (TPD) as a hole and an indium-
containing magnesium (Mg-In) cathode, which are schematically shown in Fig. 1(e). We can use two types of emission from Alq 3 EL device, whose emission peak is centered at 520 nm, and which emits perpendicular to the substrate and along the substrate, as schematically shown in Fig. 1(e). We can easily fabricate and mount the device onto the polymer waveguide, using the emission through the substrate.
SC;H3 (a) Alq 3
CH3 (b) TPD
(CH2 )6 F F
_jE3
(c) Eu(TTA) 3 phen
(d) 1AZM-Hex
Cathode
Perpendicular to the substrate (f) MQW
(e) SH device
FIGURE 1 Molecular structures and
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