p63 + Krt5 + basal cells are increased in the squamous metaplastic epithelium of patients with radiation-induced chronic
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RESEARCH
Open Access
p63+Krt5+ basal cells are increased in the squamous metaplastic epithelium of patients with radiation-induced chronic Rhinosinusitis Hongming Huang1,2 , Kai Sen Tan2, Suizi Zhou2,3, Tian Yuan2,4, Jing Liu2, Hsiao Hui Ong2, Qianmin Chen2,3, Junxiao Gao3, Minghong Xu3, Zhenchao Zhu3, Qianhui Qiu3* and De Yun Wang2*
Abstract Background: Squamous metaplasia (SM) is an irreversible form of airway epithelial remodeling. Hyperproliferation of basal cells was observed in squamous metaplastic epithelium of chronically inflamed airway. However, the association of such aberrant proliferation of basal cells with SM in the nasal epithelium after radiation damage remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate SM and accompanying levels of p63+Krt5+ (basal cell markers) cells in the nasal epithelium of patients with radiation-induced chronic rhinosinusitis (CRSr) and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) compared to healthy controls. Methods: We assessed the prevalence of SM and the expression of p63+, Krt5+, p63+Krt5+, and Ki67+ cells through immunofluorescence(IF) staining of the inferior turbinate (IT) tissues from patients with CRSr (n = 36), CRSsNP (n = 33) and controls (n = 28). Results: The prevalence of SM and the number of p63+Krt5+ cells were both significantly increased in patients with CRSr compared to patients with CRSsNP and controls. The number of Ki67+ cells were both significantly increased in patients with CRSr and CRSsNP compared to controls, but the ratio of Ki67+ cells to p63+Krt5+ cells was significantly lower in patients with CRSr compared to patients with CRSsNP. In patients with CRSr, an increased number of p63+Krt5+ basal cells was observed in SM epithelium compared to non-SM epithelium. Conclusion: SM is increased in the nasal epithelium of patients with CRSr, in which aberrant levels of p63+Krt5+ basal cells serves as an important pathologic feature in the squamous metaplastic epithelium. Keywords: Squamous metaplasia, Epithelium, Basal cells, Radiation, Chronic Rhinosinusitis(CRS)
* Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 3 Department of Otolaryngology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China 2 Department of Otolaryngology, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119228, Singapore Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence an
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