Parametric study of composite curved adhesive joints
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Parametric study of composite curved adhesive joints J. M. C. Correia 1 & R. D. S. G. Campilho 1,2 & R. J. B. Rocha 1,2 & Y. Liu 3 & L. D. C. Ramalho 2 Received: 8 April 2020 / Accepted: 26 October 2020 / Published online: 5 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Nowadays, the adhesive bonding method has a very strong presence in the most varied industries, especially in aeronautics, which strongly boosted the use of adhesively bonded joints. Curved bonded joints are commonly used in the aeronautical industry, where curved panels typically made of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) are joined to fabricate several fuselage parts. This work compares the performance of three adhesives (brittle, moderately ductile and ductile) in curved single-lap joints (SLJ) bonded with CFRP adherends, considering the modifications of the following geometric parameters: overlap length (LO), adherend thickness (tP) and adherends’ radius of curvature (R). For the analysis of these joints, the finite element method (FEM) was used with cohesive zone model (CZM), and the discussions of joint behaviour included the internal stresses of the adhesive, joint strength and energy dissipated at failure (U). Before the numerical analysis, validation with experiments was carried out considering flat SLJ, with positive results. The numerical study on the curved SLJ showed a significant maximum load (Pm) and U improvement by increasing LO for the two ductile adhesives. For the same adhesives, bigger tP reduced Pm. On the other hand, the brittle adhesive revealed to be only minor affected by these parameter variations. Thus, with this work, clear design guidelines are proposed for curved SLJ. Keywords Adhesive joints . Curved joints . Composite material . Structural adhesives . Finite element method . Cohesive zone models
1 Introduction Nowadays, adhesive bonding is a widely used technology in several industries, from the simplest ones like furniture or shoemaking to the high-tech ones such as aerospace and aeronautics. Actually, the aerospace industry was the major driving force for the acceptance of this novel technique. Most revolutionary in the use of composites on commercial liners is the Boeing 787, which contains 50% composite structures by weight and 90% by volume, and the Airbus A350XWB,
* R. D. S. G. Campilho [email protected] 1
Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
2
INEGI – Pólo FEUP, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
3
WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
with similar composite usage. In comparison, the Boeing 777, which entered service in 1995, contains only 10% of composite structures by weight [1]. Adhesively bonded joints present a number of benefits when compared with other joining methods such as riveting and welding [2, 3]. In fact, adhesive joining allows the possibility to join dif
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