Parasitoid communities and interactions with Diuraphis noxia in Australian cereal production systems
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Parasitoid communities and interactions with Diuraphis noxia in Australian cereal production systems Thomas Heddle
. Maarten Van Helden . Michael Nash . Kate Muirhead
Received: 28 November 2019 / Accepted: 16 June 2020 International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) 2020
Abstract New information is presented on previously introduced aphid parasitoids using the newly arrived Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov 1913 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in South Australia including species diversity and relative abundance, population dynamics and regional differences in communities. In total, eight species of primary braconids (Hymenoptera) were identified from D. noxia: Aphidius colemani Viereck, 1912 A. platensis Bre`thes 1913, A. ervi Haliday 1834 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), A. rhopalosiphi De Stefani Perez, 1902, A. salicis Haliday, 1834, A. smithi Sharma and Subba Rao, 1959, Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh, 1855) and Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson, 1880). The predominant parasitoids of D. noxia were D. rapae, A. colemani and A. platensis which was consistent across regions. This study indicates the pre-emptive importation of biological control agents
(generalist parasitoid wasps) contributed to limiting an invasive pest. Data presented provides a baseline for further research on parasitoid species to reduce D. noxia, a new pest species in Australian cereal ecosystems. Keywords Parasitoids Diaeretiella rapae Aphidius colemani Diuraphis noxia
Introduction Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov 1913 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is an economically important pest of cereals globally. Originally endemic to central Asia, the Middle East and southern Russia, it has now been identified across much of the cereal production area around the globe (Walters et al. 1980; Gilchrist et al.
Handling Editor: Dirk Babendreier. T. Heddle (&) M. Van Helden M. Nash K. Muirhead Entomology, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Main Waite Building, Waite Road, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia e-mail: [email protected] M. Van Helden e-mail: [email protected] M. Nash e-mail: [email protected]
K. Muirhead e-mail: [email protected] T. Heddle M. Van Helden M. Nash K. Muirhead School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Waite Road, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia M. Nash School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
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1984; Stoetzel 1987; Kindler and Springer 1989; Ortego and Delfino 1994). Diuraphis noxia was first discovered in Australia in May 2016 at Tarlee, South Australia (Yazdani et al. 2018) and continues to disperse across the wheat belt of eastern Australia (http://cesaraustralia.com/ sustainable-agriculture/rwa-portal/ [accessed 3 March 2020]). CLIMEX modelling has predicted that all cereal production regions of Australia are favourable for D. noxia (Avila et al. 2019) being considered a more suitable environmental niche compared to the USA and Africa.
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