Parentage assignment in Salmo trutta strains and their crossbreeds with known mating
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Parentage assignment in Salmo trutta strains and their crossbreeds with known mating Gokhan Kalayci & Rafet Cagri Ozturk & Ilhan Altinok
Received: 5 June 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Brown trout, Salmo trutta is a widespread fish species throughout the Europe yet most of the natural populations of the species is in decline due to the anthropogenic pressures. Hatchery based stock enhancement is commonly used to restore depleted populations. Tracking pedigree information is useful for evaluating performance of stocked offspring and for examining introgression where stocking practices are being implemented. In this study, parentage assignment powers of 16 previously developed microsatellite markers have been evaluated in four brown trout strains and their reciprocal crossbreeds. The number of alleles per locus ranged between 3 (Str73INRA) -24 (T3-13). Observed (HO) and expected heterozygosity (HE) was between 0.188 and 0.854 and 0.175–0.903, respectively. According to the simulation analysis with prior known parental and filial information, of the 204 offspring tested, correct assignment rate of the eight most informative microsatellite marker to their parental pairs was 96.08% and that of 15 loci was 98.04%. Having more than eight markers boosted only 1.96% extra power of assignment. Meanwhile correct assignment rate of five loci was resulted R. C. Ozturk : I. Altinok (*) Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61530, Turkey e-mail: [email protected]
Present Address: G. Kalayci Faculty of Fisheries & Aquat Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
only 85.29%. Our results demonstrate that microsatellite markers are reliable and effective tools for the parentage assignment in brown trout strains and their reciprocal crossbreeds. The findings obtained in the present study would also be useful for performance evaluation of stocked fish, detecting crossbreeds and examining introgression into natural populations. Keywords Parentage assignment . Crossbreeding . Microsatellite . Brown trout
Introduction Brown trout, Salmo trutta, is an important species as a fishery resource with promising aquaculture potential (Altinok et al. 2020). Salmo trutta is well-known for their potential to evolve genetic structures in small-scale linked to geographical landscape (Savary et al. 2017), resulting differences in morphological traits, migratory tactics, and breeding behavior at intra-specific level (Pakkasmaa and Piironen 2001; Moore and Bronte 2004; Westley et al. 2013; Kalayci et al. 2018). Preservation of genetic diversity within and among populations is crucial for the conservation and management of the species (Caballero et al. 2010). Anthropogenic disturbance of the natural reserves; overfishing, habitat fragmentation and destruction cause severe decline in S. trutta populations (Larios-López et al. 2015) and hatchery-based supportive breeding programs are commonly being implemented to support depleted populations (Letch
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