Participant Evolution: Cold War Space Medicine and the Militarization of the Cyborg Self

This chapter explores the emergence of the cyborg in 1960s space medicine, as well as further plans to redesign human nature for the hostile environment of outer space. It seeks to situate these projects and practices within the politicized logic of evolu

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EDITED BY

Alexander C. T. Geppert Daniel Brandau Tilmann Siebeneichner

‘This lavishly illustrated volume makes a major contribution to our understanding of the Space Age. It expands historiography beyond the superpowers and radically reconceptualizes outer space. Militarizing Outer Space obliges us to think of “outer space” as a zone beyond the confines of the earth, produced by cultural, political and technological interventions that embed it in earthly projects and respond to a multitude of hopes and anxieties. Space is not a remote, inaccessible realm, but a nearby “non-space” that can be populated by technological infrastructures advocated by the military and appropriated by the market, colonized by earthlings fleeing Armageddon or the disasters of climate change, and filled with utopian aspirations or dystopian fears, but always appropriated by multiple stakeholders who imagine new worlds and ways of being in response to critical contingencies in everyday life. Readers will discover new and unexpected features of their life worlds presented in outstanding essays framed by a superb introduction and conclusion.’ —John Krige, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA ‘In this very fine last part of a trilogy that meritoriously orbits around the concept of “astroculture”, one is reminded of the centrality of military technologies to modernization. The fourteen fascinating chapters offer a rich and welcome contribution to the history of outer space and globality. Popular imaginaries are tied to promises of supremacy, while the fuzzy boundaries between civilian and military use are interrogated. In a global age we would be wise to re-visit these manifold projections and dreams of space technology and its cultural repercussions, as they have much to teach us about the present. A very important book.’ —Nina Wormbs, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden

‘Militarizing Outer Space is a compellingly original collection of essays that breaks out of the conventional mold of interpreting space races and arms races narrowly as products of the Cold War. Long before we could reach it, humans imagined space as a realm of war populated with laser-wielding heroes, orbital fortresses and extraterrestrials ripe for conquest. From the moral thought of C. S. Lewis to Ronald Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative, the authors offer a deeply researched analysis of the connections between security, fantasy and technopolitics. Although no war has ever occurred outside the earth’s atmosphere, this volume convincingly shows how military anxieties more than a desire to reach the stars drove the development of spaceflight. For anyone interested in the rise of militant astroculture and actual warfare, Militarizing Outer Space is a must-read.’ —Joe Maiolo, King’s College London, UK

Palgrave Studies in the History of Science and Technology

Series Editors James Rodger Fleming Colby College Waterville, ME, USA Roger D. Launius Auburn, AL, USA

Designed to bridge the gap between the history of science and the history of technology, this seri