Patient-Centered Care Systems
After reading this chapter, you should know the answers to these questions:
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Judy Ozbolt, Suzanne Bakken, and Patricia C. Dykes
After reading this chapter, you should know the answers to these questions: • What is patient-centered care? How does it differ from traditional, clinician-centric care? • What are the information management challenges in patient-centered care? • What are the roles of electronic health records and other informatics applications in supporting patient-centered care? • What forces and developments have led to the emergence of patient-centered care systems? • What collaborative processes are required to design patient-centered care systems and the electronic health records to support such care? • How is current informatics research advancing progress toward collaborative, interdisciplinary, patient-centered care?
J. Ozbolt, PhD, RN, FAAN, FACMI, FAIMBE (*) Department of Organizational Systems and Adult Health, University of Maryland School of Nursing, 655 West Lombard Street, Baltimore 21201, MD, USA e-mail: [email protected] S. Bakken, RN, PhD, FAAN, FACMI Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Nursing, Columbia University, 630 W. 168th Street, New York 10032, NY, USA e-mail: [email protected] P.C. Dykes, PhD, MA Center for Patient Safety Research & Practice, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 1 Brigham Circle, Boston 02124, MA, USA e-mail: [email protected]
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Information Management in Patient-Centered Care
Patient care is the focus of many clinical disciplines—medicine, nursing, pharmacy, nutrition, therapies such as respiratory, physical, and occupational, and others. Although the work of the various disciplines sometimes overlaps, each has its own primary focus, emphasis, and methods of care delivery. Each discipline’s work is complex in itself, and collaboration among disciplines, an essential component of patient-centered care, adds another level of complexity. In all disciplines, the quality of clinical decisions depends in part on the quality of information available to the decision-maker. The systems that manage information for patient-centered care are therefore a critical tool. Their fitness for the job varies, and the systems enhance or detract from patientcentered care accordingly. This chapter describes information management issues in patientcentered care, the emergence of patient-centered care systems in relation to these issues, the interdisciplinary collaboration required to develop patient-centered care systems, and current research. In so doing, it will demonstrate the necessity of a patient-centered perspective in the design of electronic health records. As described later in this chapter, reports of the National Academy of Sciences, Federal Government mandates, and a variety of social forces have called for transformation in the organization, delivery, financing, and quality of health care. The demand is for evidence-based,
E.H. Shortliffe, J.J. Cimino (eds.), Biomedical Informatics, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-4474-8_15, © Springer-Verlag London 2014
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cost-effective, patient-centered care. Informati
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