Patient Monitoring Systems
After reading this chapter, you should be able to answer these questions 1. What is patient monitoring, and why is it used? 2. What patient parameters do bedside physiological monitors provide? 3. What are the major problems with acquisition and present
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Reed M. Gardner, Terry P. Clemmer, R. Scott Evans, and Roger G. Mark
After reading this chapter, you should be able to answer these questions 1. What is patient monitoring, and why is it used? 2. What patient parameters do bedside physiological monitors provide? 3. What are the major problems with acquisition and presentation of monitoring parameters? 4. In addition to bedside physiological parameters, what other information is fundamental to the care of acutely ill patients?
5. How are patient care protocols used to enhance the care of critically ill patients? 6. Why is real-time computerized decision support potentially more beneficial than monthly or quarterly quality of care reporting? 7. What technical and social factors must be considered when implementing real-time data acquisition and decision support systems?
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R.M. Gardner, PhD (*) Department of Informatics, University of Utah, Biomedical Informatics, 1745 Cornell Circle, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA e-mail: [email protected] T.P. Clemmer, MD Pulmonary – Critical Care Medicine, LDS Hospital, Intermountain Healthcare, 8th Avenue and “C” Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84143, USA e-mail: [email protected] R.S. Evans, BS, MS, PhD Medical Informatics Department, LDS Hospital, Intermountain Healthcare, 8th Ave and C Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84143, USA e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] R.G. Mark, MD, PhD Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room E25-505, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA e-mail: [email protected]
What is Patient Monitoring?
Continuous measurement of patient physiologic parameters such as heart rate, heart rhythm, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate, and bloodoxygen saturation, have become common during the care of the critically ill patient. When accurate and prompt decision making is crucial for effective patient care, bedside monitors are used to collect, display and store physiological data. Increasingly, such data are collected by noninvasive sensors connected to patients in intensive care units (ICUs), new-born intensive care units (NICUs), operating rooms (ORs), labor and delivery (L&D) suites, emergency rooms (ERs), and other hospital care units where patient acuity is increased. We often think of a patient monitor as something that watches for – and warns about – serious or life-threatening events in patients, and This chapter is adapted from an earlier version in the third edition authored by Reed M. Gardner and M. Michael Shabot
E.H. Shortliffe, J.J. Cimino (eds.), Biomedical Informatics, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-4474-8_19, © Springer-Verlag London 2014
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provides guidance for care of the critically ill. Such systems must include continuous observations of a patient’s physiological measurements and the assessment of the function of attached life support equipment. Such monitoring is important in detecting life-threatening conditions and guiding managemen
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